Extraction, Purification And Antioxidant Activities Of Procyanidin From Seeds Of Spine Grape (V. Davidii Fo(?)x.)

Spine grape(Vitis davidii Foex.) is one of the wild fruit crops species, distributeswidely in the western and northern of Hunan province. The grape has favorite flavorand taste. But the fruit is small, contained large amount of seed. It is suitable forprocessing. Now there are few reports about studies on spine grape. The research usedZiqiu (a new cultivar of spine grape) as experiment material, mainly focused onextraction and purification, as well as antioxidant activities of procyanidin from seedsof spine grape. The main research results are following:1. The result of single factor test showed that the main influence factors ofextracting procyanidins from spine grape seeds by SCF-CO₂ were extraction pressure,extraction temperature, extraction time, CO₂ current capacity, the ratio of material toliquid and entrainer. The results of orthogonal layout experiment showed that the bestlaboratory technique for extracting procyanidins was 30MPa in extraction pressure,55℃at extraction temperature, 1:0.8 in the ratio of materiel to liquid, CO₂ currentcapacity, and 60% ethanol in entrainer. Under this condition, the average extractionyield rate of procyanidins reached to 17.33mg/100g and average purification degreereached to 89.7%. By the same extraction technique, extraction yield rate andpurification degree of Carbernet Sauvignon can reach to 34.20mg/100g and 70.1%,respectively. Thus the technique obtained in the experiment was the best condition forextracting procyanidins of Vitis davidii Foex. seed, and supercritical carbon dioxideextraction method was of developmental potential in extracting of grape seedprocyanidins.2. The optimum technique for extracting procyanidins of spine grape seeds bysolvent extraction was that it conducted at 60℃for 120mins by using 70% ethanol.Under this condition, the extraction yield rate of procyanidins was 0.83%, andpurification degree was 43.8%. The solvent extraction method was complex,time-consuming and purification degree low in despite of higher yield rate.3. Flowing phase and flow velocity of flowing phase were the main factors thatinfluence isolation and purification of procyanidins of spine grape seeds with PHPLC.Perfect isolation and purification conditions were obtained: flowing phase was water, methanol, n-butyl alcohol:acetonitril (86:18:5:5), and velocity of flow was 50mL/min.PHPLC condition obtained in the test was applied to isolated and purified the grapeseed procyanidins which was prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, andobtained the procyanidins product which purification degree reached to 96.6%.4. Procyanidins of spine grape seeds by supercritical carbon dioxide extractionmay prevent grape skin pigment from been oxidized in sunshine, it's degradation rateof pigment is 12.25%, but VE is 14.50%; Procyanidins of spine grape seeds has biginhibitory action to oleicacid oxidation, its antioxidant activities increases betweenfrom pH4.0 to 9.0, and pH7.0 is best, its oleic acid oxidation suppression rate is higherthan VE. Procyanidins of spine grape seeds is 65.23%, but VE is 45.23%.In conclusion, the technique of procyanidins from spine grape seeds bysupercritical carbon dioxide is a new extraction technique with great prospect. In thisextraction technique, Procyanidins of spine grape seeds by supercritical carbon dioxideis higher and has great antioxidant activities. The studies can provide reference forimproving research and exploitive of spine grape, and it will improve the income ofthe western and northern of Hunan province.