Study On City Major Hazard Installations Risk Assessment And Early Warning System

With the rapid development of urbanization, the scale and quantity of city are growing rapidly. At the same time, city industrial production situation is very grim. So, it often produced fires, explosions and toxic leakage and other major disasters, and seriously endangers the safety of cities. City major hazard installations include: tank farm, reservoir area and production place, dangerous structure, boiler, pressure vessel, penstock, city gas, thermal, power supply facilities and large public traffic system. Because the city major hazard installations have many kinds of risk factors, accident types, accident features, accident characteristic, it is necessary to make effective and accurate risk identification, reasonable risk analysis and timely warning.So, it is very important to establish a sensitive, quick and reliable risk assessment and early warning systems of city major hazard installations.To aim at this real requirement, the paper studies the making of city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system.This paper is mainly composed of six chapters.The first chapter mainly elaborated the necessity of city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system, the research present situation of major hazrd installations, risk assessment technology and risk assessment software in domestic and foreign, and the content, goal and significance of the paper.The second chapter analyzed the city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system which siuited our coutry. Firstly, the major hazard installations risk assessment was studied. Based on the GB18218-2000 "major hazard installations identification", this paper make the risk assessment to tank farm, reservoir area and production place with the accident consequence method, and make the classification of major hazard installations in accordance with a radius of the death. This paper summarized the major hazard installations risk assessment procedures which include Data collection, risk factor identification and analysis, risk assessment and classification and Risk control measures. Secondly, the major hazard installations early warning was studied. In this paper, early warning theory, management mode and process of early warning was elaborated. Based on the above, the system of city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning was built.It included collection, identification and analysis , transmission storage and analysis of the risk information, risk assessment, early warning safety monitoring and risk control measures, and so on.The third chapter analyzed the types and model of three major hazard installations which were tank farm, reservoir area and production place. The accident model, including fire, blast and leak, was studied deeply, as well as the trend in different condition. Then the calculation models of death, serious injury, slight wound, property lost were built.The fourth chapter designed the city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system.This paper made the requirement analysis of system in functionality, performance, users and resources, and cleared the design principles. So software of city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system was developed and designed with Delphi7.0 and Access2003 database management systems. The entire software system including the file system, major hazard installations database, early warning, the automatic identification, the risk assessment and simulation of accident.The fifth chapter maked risk assessment of the LPG tank farm. On the base of risk identification and analyses, the LPG tank farm was identified, and analyzed by the pool fire mode, vapor cloud explosion mode and BLEVE mode. So, the rank and the control measure of major hazard installations were obtained.The sixth chapter was about the conclusions and the outlook on further studying.The system of city major hazard installations risk assessment and early warning system is researched and designed. It provided new ideas to the city major hazard installations management. The value in reality of system showed that the research result can be applied to management for major hazard in China and it has the important reference value to the management and decision-making of the major hazard installations.