Risk Assessment And Early Warning System Development Of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Leakage

Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)is one of the main types of city gas in China.It is flammable and explosive,with low minimum ignition energy,low explosion limit and wide explosion concentration range.LPG storage and distribution field is a station for storing,loading and unloading LPG.Once the LPG leak occurs,it will quickly evaporate and mix with the surrounding air,forming a thin and extensive explosive vapor cloud,which has a great risk of combustion and explosion.Based on the full investigation of the production and operation status of LPG storage and distribution field and the research status of risk assessment technology at home and abroad,an on-site survey of a LPG storage and distribution field in Shantou was conducted in this paper,and relevant information and data were collected,the Safety Integrity Level(SIL)was calculated by Hazardous Operability Analysis(HAZOP)and Layer of Protection Analysis(LOPA).The risk evaluation system for the possibility of LPG leakage and accident consequences was established,and the risk of leakage of an LPG storage and distribution field in Shantou was simulated and calculated,combined with CFD method to study the diffusion of LPG and determine the safety range.The results indicated that the death radius of LPG leakage jet fire is 46.23 m,the serious injury radius is 66.17 m,and the slight injury radius is103.46 m;the death radius of vapor cloud explosion is 311.84 m,the serious injury radius is322.31 m,and the slight injury radius is 617.33 m;the death radius of boiling diffusion vapor cloud explosion is 465.89 m,the serious injury radius is 657.66 m,and the slight injury radius is 617.33 m.This work provides a scientific basis for taking corresponding measures.At the same time,through the design of LPG leakage risk warning system,combustible gas alarms will be installed in the storage tank area,tanker loading and unloading area,hydrocarbon pump room and other areas with frequent process operations in LPG storage and distribution field,and when the gas concentration reaches the alarm limit in case of LPG leakage,the operators will be prompted to take emergency measures through local and remote sound and light alarms to reduce the risk of LPG leakage and the frequency of accidents.This work is of great significance to the safe operation of LPG storage and distribution field in Shantou.It provides useful reference for the construction and safe management of related LPG storage and distribution fields.