Analysis On The Relationship Between Environment Non-Governmental Organization And Sovereign State In Global Environmental Governance

During the era of environmental issue globalization, global environmental issue, which ever existed at the edge of international politics, is growingly becoming economic and political and gradually shifts to the center of international politics, now becoming a global public issue which contains dual nature of economic interests and political interests. In global environmental governance, sovereign state with its domestic and international environmental governance performance, still occupies the main body position of global environmental governance which other non-state actors can not replace. It is undeniable that sovereign state is growingly unable to do as well as it would wish in the field of international environmental politics and many non-state actors including environment non-governmental organization are trying to fill in the international space. In the recent years, the efficacy of environment non-governmental organization in the global environmental governance has been distinguished, and besides sovereign state, environment non-governmental organization has risen abruptly as an another important main body of global environmental governance and has been undertaking the mission of global environmental governance together with sovereign state and other main bodies of global environmental governance.As two important main bodies of global environmental governance, what kind of relationship on earth does environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state keep in global environmental governance? This debate has long existed in the study of international environmental politics. My dissertation is especially aiming at the analysis and study of the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance.By contrast of the limited capacity of sovereign state and the advantage of environment non-governmental organization in global environmental governance, we will easily find that environment non-governmental organization has global network system, environmental public interest objectives, flexible mechanisms, consolidated public basis, professional environmental knowledge and technology and other unique advantages. By means of providing consultation, canvass, criticizing, humiliation, demonstration, protest and moral persuasion, environment non-governmental organization makes up for the limited capacity of sovereign state in global environmental governance. Therefore, from the surface, the relationship between environmental non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance is the relationship of "supplementary" and "rectification".Through deep-going theoretical analysis, it is not difficult to find that if the national socialization theory of social constructivism and the learning theory of neo-liberalism integrates and complements, they can fully explain the fact that the "supplementary" and "rectification" surface relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state symbolizes the deep-seated "teacher" and "student" relationship. Social constructivism explains that environment non-governmental organization, as "teacher", by means of providing consultation, canvass, criticizing, humiliation, demonstration, protest and moral persuasion, passes the concept, norms and value of global environmental governance on to sovereign state and as a result, environmental non-governmental organization re-constructs sovereign state's identity of national interests and then makes sovereign state change national policy and action. Neo-liberalism explains that sovereign state, as "student", has sensitivity and vulnerability to the education of environmental non-governmental organization in global environmental governance. Through study, sovereign state can newly identify national interests and then change national policy and action. Therefore, on deep level, the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance is "teacher" and "student" relationship.In addition to the theoretical support of social constructivism and neo-liberalism, the analysis of specific case also confirms the "teacher" and "student" relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance. In the case of Antarctic environmental governance, by means of providing consultation, canvass, criticizing, humiliation, demonstration, protest and moral persuasion, environmental non-governmental organization passes the Antarctic "World Park" concept, value and norm on to sovereign state and re-constructs France and Australia's identity of national interests, which finally leads to the "abortion" of "Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resources Activities". "Protocol on Environmental Protection by the Antarctic Treaty Parties" makes the Antarctic "World Park "concept, values, principles and norms passed on by environment non-governmental organization concrete and practical. To some extent, the implementation of "Protocol on Environmental Protection by the Antarctic Treaty Parties" is a sign that sovereign state recognizes and accepts the education of environment non-governmental organization. The dissertation is divided into 5 chapters and analyzes the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance from surface to deep level.The introduction is mainly concerned with the jumping-off point of this dissertation, the research status in quo domestic and abroad, research method, sections &structure and the main innovation of the dissertation.Chapter 1 firstly introduces sovereign state's domestic and international governance performance in global environmental governance, which affirms that during the era of environmental issue globalization, sovereign state still occupies the main body position of global environmental governance that other non-state actors can not replace. And then chapter 1 stresses on the limited capacity of sovereign state in global environmental governance and buries hint for chapter 2 to demonstrate environment non-governmental organization's role of supplement and rectification on sovereign state.Chapter 2 defines the concept and characteristics of environment non-governmental organization; follows on environment non-governmental organization's unique advantages of supplement and rectification in global environmental governance; and finally analyzes environment non-governmental organization's method and means of supplementing and rectifying sovereign state in global environmental governance.Chapter 3, supported by social constructivism and neo-liberalism, demonstrates that the "supplementary" and "rectification" surface relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state symbolizes the deep-seated "teacher" and "student" relationship. Meanwhile, chapter 3 stresses on environment non-governmental organization's education on sovereign state and sovereign state's sensitivity and vulnerability to environment non-governmental organization's education in global environmental governance.Chapter 4 adopts the method of case analysis, and dialyzes the "teacher" and "students" relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance from the case of Antarctic environmental governance.Chapter 5 reflects on the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance. Chapter 5 firstly analyzes the challenges to some traditional international political theories raised by the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance. And then chapter 5 points out that environment non-governmental organization is not "god" in global environment governance and specifically demonstrates the inherent flaws of environment non-governmental organization. In fact, the end of chapter 5 is also the conclusion of the whole dissertation, which sums up the relationship between environment non-governmental organization and sovereign state in global environmental governance.