Study On A New Type Surfactant From Glycerol

A new type and nontoxic nonionic surfactant was synthesized and characterized.This new nonionic surfactant can replace ethoxylates which from oil by cheap glycerol. And this production would not decompose to dioxane as ethoxylates,so it was significant to protect environment.This new type green nonionic surfactant was synthesized by glycerol.This expriment was divided into three steps:the synthesize of AGE,the synthesize of ethers of polyglycerol,the performance of ethers of polyglycerol.1. First, synthesized the AGE as a middle-production. This step investigated the influence of different factors on conversion of C12H25OH.The result of orthogonal design showed that mole ratio(NaOH/C12H25OH)had the largest effect, the second was reaction time, mole ratio(ECH/C12H25OH)had the third effect,and reaction temperature had the least effect. A quadratic polynomial mathematical model for preparation of AGE was obtained by using the three-level-three-factor response surface methodology.The optimum condition for preparation of AGE by C12H25OH was obtained as follows: the reaction time was 5 hours,the mole ratio(ECH/C12H25OH) was 1.5,the mole ratio (NaOH/ C12H25OH) was 1.3.The conversion of the C12H25OH had reached to more than 92% under the optimal conditions.2. Synthesized the C12H25OH by AGE and glycerol.This experiment investigated the influence of different factors on yield of ethers of polyglycerol . The results of orthogonal design showed that reaction temperature had the largest effect, the second was reaction time, mole ratio(glycerol/AGE)had the third effect,and catalyst loading had the least effect. A quadratic polynomial mathematical model for preparation of thers of polyglycerol was obtained by using the three-level-three-factor response surface methodology.The optimum condition for preparation of ethers of polyglycerol by glycerol was obtained as follows: the reaction temperature was 150℃, the reaction time was 3 hours,the mole ratio (glycerol/AGE) was 1.15. The yield of the ethers of polyglycerol had reached to more than 83% under the optimal conditions. Some homotypical productions were synthesized from polyglycerols which contain different number of glycerol units.3. The performance of ethers of polyglycerol had been tested in this step.They had good performace in foam,wetting time,emulsification and surface active.