Study On Air Pollution Inside Saloon Car And Determination Of Formaldehyde In Inner Decoration Leather

According to the indoor air quality standard GB/T18883-2002, the air pollutants in saloon car cabin were measured, and the influence of the off-line time of the saloon car, ventilation mode, temperature, vehicle driving state, the type of car,humidity to the air quality was evaluated. The results indicated that the better sampling time of formaldehyde was 20min, and benzene,tolzene and xylene (BTEX) were 60min. The air pollutants inside the saloon car were formaldehyde, benzene, tolzene and xylene. The concentration of air pollutants inside the saloon car were reduced with the time prolonging, and became steady after 25～30 days at the case of closed windows. The concentration of air pollutants inside the saloon car quickly reduced under natural ventilation (open window), and were the highest when running air-conditioning inner circulation. While the interior temperature increased 10℃, the concentration of air pollutants inside the saloon car were increased 1~2 times. Compared to the static state, the concentration of air pollutants inside the saloon car were reduced while vehicle was driving. With the humidity increased, the concentration of formaldehyde inside the saloon car was increased, and BTEX were reduced. According to the comprehensive index method,the air quality inside car was evaluated. The results showed that the degree of the air pollution in commercial vehicle were rather serious, the class of air quality wasⅣ; the degree of the air pollution in saloon car and SUV were faintish, the class of air quality wasⅡ.A method was developed for the determination of formaldehyde in automobile inner decoration leather by the multiple extractions. Orthogonal experimental results showed that the sequence of the influence factors on leaching of formaldehyde in leather were extracting times> leaching temperature>the weight ratio of leather to leaching liquid > leaching time, the interaction between this factors has quite minor effect on the result of the experiment. The optimum extraction conditions were as follow: the leaching temperature was 50℃, the leaching time was 90 min, the weight ratio of leather to leaching liquid was 1:100, and the extracting times was 3,using water as extractant and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate as leaching assistant.The influence of temperature, air relative humidity, surface area of seat fabric per unit cubage, rate of air exchange,the off-line time of the saloon car on the concentration of air pollutant inside the saloon car were studied. And the prediction model of air pollutant concentration had been set up at the case of closed windows and running cycle air-conditioning. The results indicated that the off-line time of the saloon car, temperature, humidity produced influence on the release speed of the formaldehyde and BTEX in inner decoration material. The single-factor model was not good according to the experimental results, and the same model was also not fitted to different factors. The different model can effective predicted the concentration of air pollutant, and the model linearity was significance.