Research Of Cultivating Students' Ability For Self-directed Learning In The Process Of University Chemical Experiment Teaching

Nowadays,as the economy and information develop rapidly,scientific and knowledge has also come to the rapid growth,people could get knowledge themselvs and have creativity are needed. At present, our universities have to pass on knowledge as the main teaching objectives, which lead to creative thinking and ability are not well developed.If want to win the fierce competition, the students would change the learning style and absorb new knowledge on themselves own. Therefore, cultivating students' autonomous learning is imperative in colleges and universities.This research is mainly from freshman students' autonomous learning ability, indicate the method to reform university chemistry experiment teaching, with independent designing experiments as a breakthrough,expect to mobilize undergraduates' initiative, independent and creative, and make students realize the real fun to learn and how to learn. At the same time, it could provide reference and example for development of university chemistry experimental teaching and designing experiment.In this study, the literature review section, we pointed out the meaning of independent learning, that learners organize their own learning activities and was responsible to emphasize the autonomy of learners own learning; subject education emphasizes the dominant position of learners, Therefore, we as independent learning in education in the field of theory, constructivism emphasizes that learners based on the experience already active in the construction of new knowledge, social cognitive theory classifies as independent study is to learn the Self-observation, self-judgment, self-reaction process, so use them as a self-learning theory in the field of psychology; that self-learning initiative, the relative independence of creative features; proposed independent study of the impact of internal factors and external factors.In the third chapter, according to the American scholars Zimmerman "independent study theory frame",prepare questionnaire, investigate the medical students' autonomous learning situation. Through the analysis of the questionnaire,we could find that in learning motivation, most of the students are interested in chemistry and experiment, the internal motive (their improve needs, interests etc.)is more inportant than external motivation(credits of pressure). In learning methods, Most students only preview simply before class. instead of autonomous learning requires thorough preparation. When encounter difficulties, little of the students have independent thinking.After the examination to summarize the students can use less, search the information resource of the library is less. In the study plan and self monitoring, most students like making study plans, but are defeated because of the interference most of time. most of the students think the teachers as authority.In the self-efficacy, many students are learning to high expectations of chemistry, half of the students think learn chemistry the main way is to find the suitable study method.In the fourth chapter, combined with the measured results before,we puts four methods of cultivating students' autonomous learning, stimulate interest in learning and learning motivation, especially the internal motivation, to improve learners' learning initiative and enthusiasm, improve self-monitoring ability, requests the student to grasp their learning progress (in the experiment is the progress of the experiment fully affirmation), guiding students to find the suitable study method or strategy, lets the student learn to learn, reach twice the result with half the effort, enhance students' self-efficacy, and make students believe they can succeed. Upon completion of basic chemistry experiment teaching, through independent design experiments, we make the students experience independent and cooperative learning way, enhances the student thought self-efficacy and for scientific research interest, improve the ability of independent learning.The design experimental process includes instructing students to free grouping, free and independently choosing the topic of design experiment, guiding students to access data, screening experimental measurement method, arranging students to finish design experiments, lets the student independent control of their experiment process, organizing the students to communicate and discuss and evaluation, submitting the experiment report.In addition, we chose three design experiment case, analyse the experimental material processing, the experiment content and the experiment method, and summarize with students.In the fifth chapter,we review and summarize the whole study, indicate the practical results of cultivating students' autonomous learning:comprehensively enhance the level of students' self-directed learning, improve the quality of university chemistry experiment teaching,base the later study for undergraduates. Finally, pointing out the shortcomings of this study and prospects:the object of this study is limited to medical school freshman, the study of self-directed learning is limited at school, etc; we propose the later studies search more appropriate and effective designing experiments to develop students self-directed ability.