Research And Design Of A Low-power Wireless Sensor Transmitter For Oil-well Based On Zigbee

With the rapid development in computer technology and automatic monitoring technology today, many large enterprises adopted advanced automatic management and production methods to reduce costs, to improve management and economic benefits, and to make themselves more competitive on the market. In recent years, as rising oil prices and labor costs, production costs were also growing. In China, most of the oilfields still used the way of timing inspections based on labor or semi-automatic monitoring methods. It was not only inefficient and costly, but also cannot find and deal with problems in time, so it largely affected the efficiency of oil extraction. How to reduce production and labor costs, increase productivity, reduce risks, enhance the level of management and make the company more competitive on the market, has become an important task for oil exploration.Because most oilfields are always far away from the city, transportation and communication facilities are bad, and the location of oil-wells are relatively dispersion, using a system of remote monitoring and management for production and management of oilfield can solve the above issues effectively. This topic designed a low-power wireless sensor transmitter for oil-well based on Zigbee, precisely in order to meet the remote monitoring system for oilfield. The purpose is to achieve the automatic monitoring and management of oilfield, automatic collection of various parameters of oilfield, control the working conditions of oil-wells accurately and timely by managers without human duty. The finally aim is to detect problems in time, reduce labor costs and improve efficiency of production and management. For the existing on-site monitoring facilities of oil-well were used the wire transmission of RS-485 to communication, it was wiring complexity and poor stability, so the design used a wireless transmission of Zigbee to communicate data on the oil-well site. The system used a low-power microcontroller of MSP430F477 as the control and processing core, used sensors to sample parameters of oil-well such as the temperature, pressure and so on, and sent these parameters to a wireless module of ZICM2410. Then the datas were sent to a on-site data collector by Zigbee network, or displayed as a real-time waveform on LCD for on-site monitoring. At last the on-site data collector sent the datas to the remote monitoring center through a GPRS/CDMA module. The Zigbee network of the system was used the SNAP network, which have some features such as easy to implement, flexible networking, low cost and short development cycle. Because the system is powered by the battery, and required to work long-term stability in the field, but the battery power is limited, so the focus is on how to reduce the power consumption. In order to reduce the power consumption, the system used some low-power chips and low-power design methods to construct hardware, and used some interrupts and sleep mode in the software.Finally, the system was tested to prove it fully to meet the actual requirements, and the wireless network was tested to fully satisfy communications on the site of oilfield. The wireless sensor transmitter introduced in this subject has a very widely application, and could be applied to other industry situations easily.