Research On Total Amonut Allocation For Surface Water Pollutants Based On The Principles Of Equity And Efficiency

Human beings can't survive without water resources. However, the pollution of groundwater resources is getting more serious and significantly threatens the safety of humans due to the continuous requirements of economic development. Several ways and methods have been implemented for groundwater pollutants treatment process of which the control of total water pollutant amount was practically proved to be the most efficient solution. Based on the differences among methods, three patterns of total amount control were utilized:targets control, capacity control and industry control. Currently, total targets amount control is applied in China while the execution of policies implementation depends on impartial and efficient allocation of total amount.Firstly, the principle of total amount allocation utilized in China which is equity and efficiency was pointed out based on domestic and international researches. In general, the method of costs minimization comes from the principle of efficiency while proportional reduction method comes from the equity principle. The characters and disadvantages of these solutions were analyzed as well. Secondly, aims and objectives of this project were then proposed which is to build up an easy-to-handle model of total amount allocation base on both of the two mentioned principles and make the results accepted by the polluters all. Output maximum per unit was taken as the first constraints as the reflection of efficiency during the model simulation while "Cluster Analysis" was implemented as basis to reflect the equity principle which could scientifically separate different kinds of polluters and scientifically stipulate similar polluters for a specific reduction ratio. Cluster analysis solved the problem of industry difference and prevented the calculation disadvantages by reducing the amount of parameters in models. Model of total groundwater pollutants allocation was simulated based on the principle of impartial and efficiency. This model was applied in the total water pollutants allocation proposal of a certain automotive manufacturing group of which current emissions and gross output value was adopted as the basis of cluster analysis and targets polluters were separated and defined as "Key reduction polluters" and "Concerned reduction polluters". The allocation simulation was made with feasible results that the optimized index of efficiency, environment and equity were better than current situation and the reduction amount fulfilled national requirements.To sum up, a beneficial trial of water pollutants allocation modeling was made in this project which provides decent reference value for the feasibility of pollutants allocation technologies'research and improvement.