Study On Building Site Fire Risk And Counter Measures

The building site is a place highly centralized with inflammable materials and a lot of other kinds of items. As a result, there are a lot of factors which could easily cause fire. And once the fire occurs, it may spread rapidly on the site and the extinguishing process will be very difficult. Meanwhile, the building site fire can cause both great loss and negative social impact. Therefore, the research on building site fire risk evaluation is very necessary.The research on existing building fire risk evaluation has been very successful by many experts and scholars. Meanwhile, the research on building site fire risk evaluation is comparatively immature. Neither systematic fire case database nor effective evaluation method has been proposed. This research thus collects and analyzes a lot of building site fire cases. The applied measures which are used to protect the building site from fire are also collected. A building site fire risk evaluation system is proposed on the base of the collected measures and fire cases. This evaluation system can be reference for the building site fire risk management. It can also be reference for the standards of building site fire safety in the future. The main work of this research is as follows:1. Typical building site fire cases have been collected. The character, type and regular pattern of these cases have been generalized and summarized. The time when the fire occurred, the place where the fire occurred, the factor which causes the fire, loss directly caused by the fire and project process when the fire occurred has been analyzed base on the fire cases.2. The measures used to protect the building site against fire are summarized, generalized and carefully analyzed. A building site fire risk evaluation system has been proposed tentatively on the base of the analysis of both cases and counter measures. The value of each index of the evaluation system is defined with Delphi and AHP. The safety rank is also suggested. Finally the fire risk evaluation model has been set. And the counter measures for the building fire safety are suggested. 3. The proposed building site fire risk evaluation system has been used in the New Tsinghua Hall project in order to prove the validity of the system is practical. The evaluation result is analyzed according to the situation of the project. The evaluation result shows that the proposed evaluation system is practical.