The Study On The Management And The Clearance Levels Of The Municipal Radioactive Wastes

In paced with development of the application of the nuclear technology, the more and more radioactive wastes will have been stored up. For protecting the human beings and the environment, Ensuring the successful development of the nuclear technology, we must study the management technology of the radioactive wastes continually.The Municipal radioactive waste is originated from the application of the nuclear technology. In China, it's management system is different from the nuclear industry. Until 1982, the environmental sanitation management units were responsible for the management, in 1982, the State Council had decided that the SEPA(State Environment Protection Agency) started to manage that. For a long time, due to the shortage of the professional personnel, the management of municipal radioactive wastes was backward in the techniques, and lacked the model management theory. And at present, the old radioactive waste repositery(e.g. the Beijing Pinggu Repository, the Jilin Repository) will get into decomissioning. To treat and dispose the radioactive wastes stored in the repository appropriately and safely, we must solve some technical problems such as the clearance levels.First, the thesis had discussed the origins and classifications, and mainly had analysed the classification according to the radwaste disposal demands. By researching the radwaste management laws, standards andrugulations, the thesis had pointed out the drawback and some problems managing the radioactive wastes. And Further more, Started from the IAEA nine management principles of radioactive wastes, the thesis had summarized the Chinese radwaste management principles and management specialities.Second, the thesis had analysed the municipal radwaste properties, origins and management states. By studying the municipal radwaste management standards and rugulations, and on the basis of the investigations of the source terms and the assessment of the present state of the Beijing Pinggu Municipal Radwaste Repository, the thesis had described how to manage it effectively,scientifically and safely.The determination of the clearance levels is one of the difficult problems in the process of the radwaste management. How to remove the regulatory control of the radiactive wastes and determine the clearance levels scientifically? It is not only a very important radwaste management basis, but alleviate the volumes of the treatment and the disposal of the radioactive wastes. The thesis had introduced the deriving methods that radwastes are disposed of to landfills, by incineration, and metals and concrete be considered for recycling and reuse. As a case, the thesis had studied the clearance levels that the municipal radwastes stored in the Beijing Pinggu Repository are disposed of to the Beijing Beishengshu Sanitary Landfill Site.