The Risk Analysis On Aiding Projects Of Karakoram Highway (KKH) In The Islamic Repulic Of Pakistan

Foreign aid engineering is a form of international project, it's a risky commercial affairs because of some risk factors that different from internal ones. A engineering activity in special country and in some period is influenced by many unexpected factors, it cause that the actual benefits deviate from the expected, the investors who invest and make policy and the contractors who design, construct and do experiments may sustain losses in business of obtain extra expenses, these are risks of international engineer. For obtaining opportunities and achieving contracted goal, it's necessary to analyze and calculate risks in foreign aid engineers.Any risk consists of two essential factors: one is the indefinite risk factor, the other is the lost of the risk. The change of outside situations, the complex of the project and the limit of forecast capacity make risk affairs indefinite. The text will analyze risks from two aspects, one is the outer risks the other is the internals.The test research to Karakoram Highway in The Islamic Republic of Pakistan and analyze lots of indefinite factors that china act as the contractor should face in course of design, construction and transferring. Owing to the high location, precipitous terrain, complicated geology difficulties in construction, focus of geological flaw, So it's necessary to analyze so the risks that the project will encounter before submitting a tendex, and it's a previous condition to make policy.When analyzing risks, according to main factors, risk can be classified two kinds, one is the outside risks which include the policies of two different countries, commercial risks, economic risks and natural risk, etc. The other is the internal's which comprise the establishment design of the project and the risk of construction.Chapter one, introducing the research meaning and putting forward theresearch content and technical methods.Chapter two, analyze of risks what have nothing to do with technique. First, study the politics, economics, society conditions of Pakistan, raise risks that those may cause .Second, according to the condition of the country, point out the problem of the road.Chapter three, unique geological and climate conditions and lack of money will cause a influence on time of the project. This chapter analyze climate conditions may cause risk on time of project. Next, make up RERT network model to analyze in form of quantity.Chapter four, this chapter analyze difficult risk of construction, next chapter, risk of select atender, is on its foundation.Chapter five, this chapter transform main risks into quantity on the base of fuzzy maths, then confined proportion in means of Defier and Ahp. this chapter is base of neural network and above contents, and evaluated risks to bridge repairing engineering.