Study On Humazized Design Of Urban Plaza

In the modern city layout, the urban plaza has already become one of the most important components. However, in china, plaza is actually a newly emerging concept. The correlation theory research about plaza design seriously lags in the practice, and result in many questions. The essence of urban plaza is one kind of public open place, which bear the weight of resident outdoors activity. So, its design except needs to maintain the ecological process, to continue urban culture, most importantly respects and satisfies the behavior demand of the user. In view of the fact that domestic research about the urban plaza humanized design is weak, therefore the present paper chooses humanized design of urban plaza as the research object, discusses how to implement human nature concern. The paper mainly applies referring literature and post occupancy evaluation to conduct the research. Embarking from user's angle, the research analyzes and appraises certain urban plazas which are being used after the design. Combining with inquiry of the literature material, the paper concludes that the plaza humanized design involves the user behavior psychology, the material environment and the plaza culture, which relate and affect mutually, construct the human nature place together. The foundation of humanized design is to understand the interrelation between the plaza environment and the user behavior psychology. The activity of the user is affected by the plaza environment and own demand. User's demand includes four levels, physiology, security, intercourse and realization of the self-value. Each kind of use community has the different demand structure type. Through kinds of sense organs, the user obtains environmental information about plaza space, which, combining with the use demand, affects user's behavior habit and the rule, finally decides the use pattern. To put the human nature concern into effect, the design needs to mold the material environment to support people's use. Based on the analysis of the user behavior psychology, the paper has studied the reasonable utilization of plaza localization, character and quantification, architecture encircling, establishment setting, plant configuring, waterscape molding, illumination as well as stereo space exploiting, which shapes human nature plaza space. Liking a vessel, the plaza space not only has held people's various activity, but also has held the significance which the activity produces. The accumulation of significance creates the plaza culture, which in turn has an effect on the behavior pattern and the thinking mode of people. Therefore, to realize the human's concern and the respect truly, plaza design should be place in the cultural structure and the background, carried on the cultural lay, to endue the urban plaza with intense main body consciousness and humanities spirit. Through thoroughly discussing behavior psychology, the material environment and the plaza culture, this research finally obtains the principle which the plaza humanized design must follow, including integration between science and art, integrity, multiplicity, democratic participation, barrier disappearing and place. Science and art are the design prop, which are followed from beginning to end implementation in design process; The principle of integrity is the basis, not only has significance in the material morphology and urban cultural texture, is also very important in the environment psychology; The principle of multiplicity is foundation of humanized design, for the multiplicity of user community requests the diversity of plaza space and facility; The principle of democracy is effective measure of humanized design, for only the populace opinion mostly represent user's real demand; disappearing barrier is guarantee of humanized design. Only when all users can conveniently and equally enjoy the plaza space, the design is successful; the place principle is the key of humanized design, for fusing the place elements in the new environment can improve the design.