A Study On Baini Historic Town Of Chongyang County In Hubei

This study roots in one of the sub-topics of "The Modern Architecture of Hubei province"and "The study on Traditional Residence in Hubei province", also comes from "The Study onConservation and Utilization's Mode and Method of Ancient Town in Hubei Province"publishedby Wuhan University of Technology , simultaneously, this case is a part of a cooperative projectbetween Wuhan University of Technology and Kanagawa University of Japan: "China-Japan'sCooperative Study on the Streets of Historic Town in Hubei Province", which is a case of thestudyonthehistorictownsinHubeiprovince.Baini lies in the center of three counties in southern Hubei, connecting with Xianning in theeast, and meets Jiangxi in the south side, and is in the side of Hunan in the west side, beingneighbouringofChibiinthenorth.It'smuchconvenienttoreachthreetownstwotownshipsfromBaini, which's unimpeded three provinces six counties. It has been a material distributing centerof Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi province and its circumjacent area from Ming and Qing Dynasty andbecame the head of top four historic towns in Chongyang. It's also named as "the east gate ofChonayang"because of its importance in military affairs. Baini has a glorious history with richregional culture, and distinct feature of space shape and the traditional building, historifying thedevelopmentoflocalhistory,theeconomyandthecultural.BygraspingtheevolutionofBaini,thispaperanalyzedthattheinitiationanddevelopmentofthis town which's influenced by the factors of nature, economy, traffic and culture, and thendividedthedevelopmentperiodofthehistorictown intoseveralstepsbyresearching thesefactorsandsummarizeditscharacteristicineachsteps.After that, it discussed the location, space sharp and characteristic of regional culture of thishistoric town at the standpoint of its space situation as to reflect the cultural background to thewholeenvironmentofthetown.The streets are like bone of the town, and the character of sharp, the structure of the streetsspace, the function of streets, the interfaces, the elements of the sight, the dimension and theliving of the streets should be the reflection of the character of this historic town. The layout ofthese streets, which appears as "chuihe→yanhe", the unique street space alignments and thenodesofthespacewerecorrelativewiththedevelopmentofBaini.The traditional building is one of the elements used to study historic towns. There are manybusiness street houses of store and workshop, and so many sorts of building such as"tianjing", "tiandou", "matouzhaidianshi", therefore this paper analyzed the reasons what causedthe initiation and development of these buildings, studying the types and specification of them,summarizingtheregionalcharacteristicsoftheconstructsandtechnicalform.At last, combining with the actuality research of Baini Town and result of the questionnaire,this paper summarized the value of history, science, art and emotion value of this historic town,fromwhich could draw a conclusion about the orientation of this town, and then brought forwardtheconceptionfortheprotectionanddevelopmentofBaini.In a word, the paper analyzed the initiation and the development, streets space and thetraditional features of architecture of this historic town at the standpoint of geography, history,urban planning, architecture and cultural heritage protection, which in order to find the value ofthetownandputforwardreasonablesuggestionsontheprotectionanddevelopmentofBaini.