Study On The Optimized Design Of Roadway Subsystem In Combined Toll Collection System

Transportation is the holistic and magistral industry of domestic economy.As the basic establishments of modernize transportation, the prominentcharacteristics of expressway are high capacity and high travel speed. It hasbecome the skeleton transportation mode, which adapts the developments ofmodernize industry structure.As the persistent increase of expressway extents, the management ofexpressway is facing to higher requirement. Accordingly, the function ofelectronics system on expressway has strengthened and the structure hascomplexed increasingly. Under this background, the alteration of electronicssystem on expressway has become necessary.The alteration of toll collection system has been deemed to the emphasisof the alteration of electronics system on expressway. As the volume hasincreased persistently, the service time and service level have out of theconsumer's demands in several constructed toll stations. Also, the toll stationshave become the bottle-neck of expressway. At the same time, enlarge thedimensions of toll stations and increase the amounts of charge roadways areonly makeshifts, which may bring many problems in tracts and constructions.Applying ETC would not only enhance the capacity of toll plaza, but alsoreduce the charge vehicles' delay, enhance the comfortableness, reduce thegas-let during the waiting time. So, ETC has become the developmentdirection of charge technology.Applying ETC is restricted by the ingredients such as economy base,finance system and roadway management frame, etc. In addition, the existingroadway toll system should be considered. Take toll plaza for example, it willbe quite difficult to be entirely ETC. In a long period, the toll colletctionsystem in China will be combination of stop toll collection and non-stop tollcollection. Therefore, our research emphasis is just combined toll collectionsystem.Designing toll station used combined toll collection system, shouldcalculate amount of vehicles which use non-stop toll collection roadway, i.e.theamount of roadways provided must be capable of meeting needs of vehiclesusing electronic labels. Otherwise, applying non-stop toll collection system isable to increase the capacity of toll station, but, it will be not sure to increasethe amount of vehicles passing toll station in unit time. Because if applyingrate of non-stop toll collection roadways is not high enough, the stop tollcollection delay will increase remarkably on common roadways, sincecurtailment of common roadways. And if applying rate of non-stop tollcollection roadways is too high, it will lead to the toll collection delay onnon-stop roadways much higher than common roadways.There have been several toll collection delay models for combined tollcollection system both at home and overseas. But researches related to thelinetype design for roadway subsystem are few now. Researches on designingcombined toll collection roadways suitable for the practicle situation in Chinaare absent.For reasons above, this paper uses 6 chapters to analyse the keytechniques and methods in designing and optimizing the roadway subsystemof combined toll collection system. More details are as follows:Chapter 1: Introduction. This part includes study purpose, studysignification, current research status in domestic and foreign countries, studycontents and methods, and so on.Chapter 2: At the beginning of this part, it introduces the concepts ofETC, its working modes, roadway system and software system, and so on. Andthen, this part also introduces the combined toll collection system, bringforwards the techno-projects suitable for the practicle situation in China. Atlast, it makes brief summary on how to realize this techno-projects.Chapter 3: This part analyses the queue and delay models of toll plazausing for combined toll collection system. And then, this part describes educeprocess and basic ideas of delay models and toll collection roadways choicemodels. Aiming at different combinations of toll collection roadways, this parteduces the average delay of toll collection roadways and the ascertainmentmodels of charge roadways under equilibria state. Therefore, in the premise ofconfirming TAG's using rate, it could educe the best roadway combinationaiming to the lowest system delay.Chapter 4: At the beginning of this part, it analyses the characteristicsof traffic flow in interim. And then, this part researches on design projects ofETC special roadways. Synthesize the researches above, it puts forward 4design projects for combined toll collection system, and also, thetechno-characteristics and the notice proceeding during course of implement.Chapter 5: Combining the traffic forecast of Shen-Da Expressway, thispart applys the optimize models and roadway design projects mentioned inpreamble to put forward the primary design project of combined tollcollection system for Shen-Da Expressway. And then, this part points out theproblems will meet and resolvents during the process of alteration.Chapter 6: Conclusions. All research contents are concluded in thischapter, with deeper research of this project, this chapter also lists some to bestudied and perfected.