Experimental Research On The Drivers' Characteristics On The Two-Lane Mountain Road

The traffic safety is an eternal topic,and driver factor is the first important factor in the traffic transport system, if all of the factors relating to traffic accidents are calculated together, it would account to over 90 percent. Because of the limit of geography condition the line of two-lane mountain roads is complicated and changes much, and the mountain body and the plants on the road sides happen to keep out the drivers' eyes, which adds to the difficulty and strengths to drives. And it also influences the drivers' psychological and physiological characteristics. Studying the drivers' characteristics in two-lane mountain roads can provide help to design and management of traffic establishments, prevent traffic accidents, guarantee security.This dissertation is supported by science and technology project of west traffic construction by ministry of communications"forest tourist highway——traffic safety research on S203 of Inner Mongolia". The author first analyzes the characteristics on two-lane mountain roads and the drivers, then analyzes the driving fatigue, operation behavior and dynamic visual characters by experimenting. And it also gives some advice to rebuild the line and the engineering facilities at the angle of people oriented. There are six chapters in the dissertation. The emphasis are the third, the forth and the fifth chapter.The first chapter introduces research background, actuality, significance and content. The author analyzes the effect of drivers as the most active factor in the system of human- vehicle-road,analyzes detailedly the actuality of driving fatigue, operation behavior and dynamic visual characters home and out and then elaborates the necessity to research the drivers' characteristics on two-lane mountain roads.The second chapter first analyzes the characteristic and the accident characteristic on two-lane mountain roads. Because of the terrain limit vertical linear target in mountain ridge area roads is restricted. Driving environment is relatively bad compared to plain region, which is steep slope, blind bend and bad eyes. These are the factors to restrict vehicles operating efficiency. The accidents have the characteristic that significant traffic accidents often happen and the accident shape is prang, collision and smashup. The accidents often occur in complex terrain region of mountain areas. They are more mechanical accidents and can kill many people. Then the author analyzes the drivers' psychological and physiological characteristics and the effect on road information to drivers'. The author also analyzes the heart rate, blood pressure change and attention characteristics, analyzes how the road environmental factor induces the traffic accident, which foreshadows the after article.The third chapter beginning with the driving fatigue phenomenon and harm to traffic safety analyzes the effect on driving fatigue sleep and driving duration, road condition and other factors to drives. The author also classes the driving fatigue as perceptive fatigue, judgement fatigue, and operation fatigue and analyzes how fatigue happens at the three phases. Then the author compare the heart rate change, reaction time and driving operation between Wulanhaote-Suolun and Suolun-Aershan on S203 of Inner Mongolia, and takes 20% and 40% heart rate increment as well as 0.302 second simple response as appraisal target. It can reach a conclusion that drivers easily feel tired when they drive on two-lane mountain roads than on two-lane ordinary roads. The author gives some advice to rebuild the line and the engineering facilities at the angle of releasing fatigue.The fourth chapter beginning with the outline and influencing factors of driving operation behavior analyzes how the road geometrical characteristic, drivers themselves and traffic laws influence driving operation behaviors. The author also analyzes turning behavior and braking behavior. One driver drives on line Wulanhaote-Suolun and Suolun-Aershan, and the other drives on Suolun-Aershan and K463～K475 on S203 of Inner Mongolia. The author compares the same driver's driving operation behavior on different roads, and gets the same conclusion that drivers driving on two-lane mountain roads easily feel tired than that driving on two-lane ordinary roads. The author also analyzes the driver's driving operation behavior on dangerous road, that is driver often turns gradually after driving into big crooked road but often turns completely before driving into small crooked road. Drivers generally decelerate before turning and accelerate after that, and when they find signs at declivity they step on arrester. At the end in order to guarantee safety the author give some advice at the angle of human, vehicle and road.The fifth chapter first analyzes the driver's dynamic visual characteristic and its influencing factors including relative speed, driver's age, the color and lighteness of the target, road and its environment and driver's physiological condition. The author also analyzes eyes moving form, rule and the method to evaluate it including the change of focus, focus time and distributing and eye cornu speed. The author analyzes the driver's eye change of focus on Wulanhaote-Suolun specially compares driver's eye change of focus on Suolun-Mingshui and K463~K469.We can get the conclusion the driver's eye area change of focus is big on Suolun-Aershan ,and although Suolun-Mingshui and K463~K469 are two-lane mountain roads, driver's eye change area of focus is small on K463~K469, and driver focuses top right road, which suggests though road condition can easily attract driver's attention on Suolun-Aershan driver focuses on alignment more on dangerous roads. On these roads drivers focus more on frontage road status and have no time to enjoy the beauty. At the end the author also gives some advice. The sixth chapter concludes the work in the dissertation and brings forward content and direction that will be continuous to researching.