Bus Body Framework Safety Research By Computer Simulation

In the world, about one third of all bus are manufactured and working in our China. But both the integer technology and the bus safety regulation are under the world advanced level, no mention the bus safety especially the passive safety. Most transportation accidents which had brought about a large casualty, were had a relation to bus crash. This indicates that our Chinese bus body framework safety is not good. It is necessary to research the bus safety. The high bed buses are the main force in highroad passenger transport, so the research aimed at the safety of high bed buses. The two worst bus crash conditions were side overturn and front impact to the rear of the truck, which almost caused a lot of people injured and dead. A finite element bus model was accurately constructed according its CAD model, to make sure that the FEM is available, the virtual experimentation was used. On the base of the FEM of the bus which had been validated, the bus platform side overturning crash process was simulated on computer. In the dynamic simulation process, it was very easy to estimate the bus safety and discover the weak point of the body framework by a measurable way. According the weak point of the bus upper construction, this paper introduces some method to improve that weak points, once more according the outcome of the computer simulation, the bus framework safety had obviously enhanced, it even easily fulfilled the regulation ECE R66. In the research of bus front impact, this paper brings forward a conception—general energy absorbing module for bus frontal impact. Finally, this paper has designed the module, and searches for the characteristic of the energy absorbing module by simulation test. Fix the energy absorbing module on the front of the bus and improve the bus front structure, the process of the bus impact to the rigid wall was also simulated on computer; the crashworthiness of the frontal structure of the bus was obviously improved. The results of the study indicate: the methods to improve the bus framework safety are available, and they can make sense in the bus design and manufacture.