The Research Of The Human Settlement Building For The Post-earthquake In Leigu Town In Beichuan

5.12 Wenchuan earthquake is the most destructive, the most widely spread catastrophic earthquake with the most difficult relief since the founding of new China. After the earthquake relief, the affected areas entered post-disaster reconstruction, and strive to the maximum extent possible to resolve the problem of finding a place for the people in the disaster areas, do a good job in urban planning, site selection and housing rehabilitation, re-create people's living and working environment. But considering the overall trends and direction of current development of small towns, we should pay more attention to the process of rebuilding the affected areas, the quality of people's lives and the sustainability of social development. Put the overall macro-strategic focus on how to improve and create an environment suitable for human habitation, rise the basic reconstruction up to the post-disaster reconstruction and rehabilitation of human settlements , and combine it with post-disaster reconstruction planning effectively. According to the geographical characteristics, geological conditions, weather and climate, economic conditions, social and cultural environment of the affected areas, learn from the experience of domestic and international post-disaster reconstruction, construct a new urban with socialistic civilization. From the height of the sciences of human settlements, have a new awareness of a series of problems of post-disaster reconstruction planning, improve the quality of human settlement, realize a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of economy, society and environment in the disaster areas. This is the new idea in the work of post-disaster restoration and reconstruction.This study adopts the methods with a combination of theories and examples. Using the sciences of human settlements as a theoretical support, drawing on historical experience and lessons at home and abroad, and study the examples, use two evaluation methods to predict the future human settlement in typical earthquake-stricken areas. Effectively combine the reconstruction work of the earthquake-stricken with theories related to the sciences of human settlements, and carry out the redevelopment plan for the affected areas from the perspective of living environment science, taking the post-disaster reconstruction planning as the entry point, make each planning more suitable for human survival, production and living in the future. Explore the measures and methods of reconstruction in line with the human settlements construction, so that the reconstruction of the affected areas can be sustainablely developed, improving the the quality of future human settlement in disaster areas.This paper defined the concept of the sciences of human settlements, and focused on the five aspects constitute the content of human settlement, taking the analysis of the composition of post-earthquake living environment building as the ideological basis for this paper. Then from five aspects: nature, human, society, housing and supporting, it further expatiates the main contents of living environment construction one by one, making sure that the post-disaster living environment building to be carried out comprehensively and effectively. Secondly, take the most seriously hit Leigu town in Beichuan County as a typical area for post-earthquake human settlement building research.Through the survey and research of the earthquake disaster condition and the transitional resettlement in Leigu town, we can see that people in Leigu town have a poor state of human settlement after the earthquake, which need to be improved urgently.Then make an analysis on the bearing capacity of the environment in Leigu town after the earthquake and put forward its developing direction. Make the post-disaster construction planning of Leigu town from the perspective of township population capacity, geological conditions, land use planning, infrastructure construction, and introduce the concept of Qiang folk culture into the human settlement construction, which is also a new content in post-earthquake living environment construction. Finally, use two evaluation methods to make a comprehensive evaluation and forecast on the future quality and the sustainability of living environment in Leigu town.:The indication of quality of living environment in Leigu is 0.77 which is in the medium range and the Roland Rating of post-disaster construction of human settlement is Q=6.15> 5.We can see that with the ongoing human settlement, the human settlement of Leigu town is in good condition for a period of time, having a certain capacity for sustainable development. Post-disaster reconstruction is also required in the course of lessons learned, and constantly improve the living environment construction planning program, establishing a suitable living environment system for Leigu town for long-term development, providing supportive decision-making services to permanent human settlement construction in Leigu town.