Research On The Perceived Inclination And The Aesthetic Differences Of Park Landscape

Park is the most common provider of natural landscape in cities, which makes the most effective place for landscape aesthetic comparing with the real nature, such as forest, river, lake etc.; Synthesis Park which has the most natural and artificial elements gets even distribution of these elements, that is why it is relevant to research the public perceived inclination of landscape and the aesthetic differences between different groups by studying the synthesis parks.This research was divided into three parts: the first part was on public perceived inclination of landscape by studying the People's Park, Jining and the Chengyang Century Park of Qingdao using public photograph projection method. The participants were common people without professional education background. According to the pictures, the perception elements were divided into integral elements and independent elements. And the data reflected public perceived inclination of the park. The second part was on aesthetic differences using psychophysics method BIB-LCJ. The experimental materials were 25 photographs of park landscape consisting of plant, rock, road and waters. The initial data of experiment was generalized into male group, female group, northerner group, southerner group, professional group, public group and all- participants group by characteristics of participants. The last part was on landscape preference by studying the score of each level of landscape elements which had been got by applying quantification model I.According to the three levels of study, we got the following results:(1) In integral elements perceived inclination, rugged topography was superior to subdued topography and material solid was superior to space. While the perception sequence of independent elements of landscape was: plant> furniture> rock > yard > man> architecture≈waters. Group landscape and natural form were the focal points in plant element.(2) By means of correlation analysis and variation analysis of male-female, northerner- southerner, professional- public groups, we got the result that the aesthetic attitude between referenced groups was observably coherent while there were significant differences. Among gender, region and background, gender impact was minimal and region impact was maximal.(3) We got the influence factors of aesthetic evaluation and landscape preference by applying quantification model I. The result demonstrated that plant cover, space and waters were influence factors for all- participants group. Women's perception of waters was more sensitive than men but may not be useful to plant color. Men preferred landscape with colorful plants. The northerner's aesthetic attitude to space was clear. They preferred covering space and semi-open space. They were sensitive to plant color and preferred landscape with colorful plants. The southerner had higher acceptance degree to open space in park and preferred waters and lawn. Professional was more sensitive and strict on landscape evaluation than public.(4) We summarized the design emphasis and tactics of park for Chinese, northerner, and southerner. Chinese preferred park landscape consisting of natural plant communities, covering space or semi-open space and waters. The unfavorable park landscape for them was plastic plants and open space landscape. Designing more privacy spaces and colored plants in parks for northerners could significantly increase the northerner aesthetic satisfaction. Southerners preferred waters and lawn, so raising the proportion of these elements in park could significantly increase the southerner aesthetic satisfaction.