| This experiment used Xintaimici cucumber as the experiment material, the control cucumbers were planted in soil, and all other cucumbers were planted in organic substrates. At first, the experiment studied the screening of rational substrate compositions, there were six treatments: the ratio of vermiculite to chicken muck is 2:1 (A), 3:1(B), 4:1(C) respectively, D (CK), the ratio of vermiculite to peat to chicken muck is 3:3:2(E), the ratio of peat to chicken is 3:1(F). Then the characteristics of requiring fertilizer of cucumber in the rational substrate composition were also studied, there were five treatments : applying fertilizers to "High" treatment were urea 41.61 Kg and K2SO4 37.41 Kg per 667m2, urea 27.72Kg and K2S04 24.96Kg per 667m2 to "Middling", urea 13.86Kg and K2SO412.48Kg per 667m2 to "Low", no fertilizing applying to "Zero", urea and K2S04 and ammonium phosphate respectively 15Kg per 667m2 to CK. The experiment studied the effects of different fertilizing treatments to the physiological characteristics and yield forming of cucumber in organic substrate culture, nutrition utilization ratio and the pattern of nutrition distributions. All of these supplied dependable basis of theory and index of technology to production of cucumber in organic substrate culture.1. The study of the screening of rational substrate composition showed: under the same fertilizing condition, A and B compositions are better than other treatments. The cucumber planted in the two compositions grew finer, the root activity was higher, the characteristics of fruits were better, and the yields were higher, but the differences of the two treatments were not significant in the yields. While considering benefit, if the price of chicken muck is lower than vermiculite, A is selected as the rational composition, otherwise, B is selected.2. The study of the requirement characteristics of fertilizer showed:2.1 The cucumbers' height, leaf numbers and total leaf area in High and Middling treatments were higher. And the fruit setting in the two treatments were better than other treatments, which laid foundation to high yields of cucumber. But the differencesbetween High and Middling were not significant.2.2 The photosynthetic rate of the cucumber upper leaves in High treatment was the highest of all treatments, it was 18.1umolCOa nf2 ;and the middle leaves in Middling treatment was the highest, it was 18.3 umolCO2 nf2 s1. The transpiration rate of upper and middle leaves in High treatment were higher than other treatments.2.3 The overall characteristics of cucumber fruits in High and Middling treatments were better , the contents of vitamin C were 181.94ug.g~1 FW and 186.37ug.g"' FW respectively, the soluble protein content in High treatment was 26.41mg.g"' FW, and the soluble sugar content in Middling treatment was 21.32 mg.g"1 FW. The cucumber yield in High and Middling treatment was higher than that of other four treatments, but the differences between them were not significant.2.4 With the fertilizer amount increasing, the NPK. concentration in the main cucumber organs and the NPK total absorption amount increased, those between'High and Middling treatments had not significant differences.The organic substrate culture promoted the growth of cucumber aerial plant, and applying proper chemical fertilizer to the organic substrates more benefited nutrition coordinate distributions, promoting the transport and distribution of nutrition to cucumber fruits, which laid foundation to high yields of cucumber.2.5 The utilization rate of NK decreased, that of P and microelements increased, with the fertilizer amount increasing. The experiment showed: the proper nitrogenous and potash fertilizer promoted cucumber absorbing P and microelements. In this respect, High and Middling treatments had not significant differences.Considering the production benefits, in this experiment Middling treatments were proper chemical fertilizer.
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