Effects Of Adding Different Organic Substrates On Cucumber Growth And Rhizosphere Environment

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae trailing or climbingannual herb. It was highly popular with its high nutritional value and convenient edible.As the main vegetable type of facility cultivation, the cultivation area of cucumber isincreasing year by year with the market anniversary demand. So it is a widespreadphenomenon of continuous cropping cucumber because of limited vegetable species ingreenhouse, which induce a significant decrease the yield and quality of cucumber. Inorder to solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle problems in soil cultivation,we took cucumber variety "Zhongnong No.106" as experimental material, andexplored the effect of growth, yield and quality and root environment more greenvegetables growing medium. Our studies aimed at protecting the natural environment,reducing resource consumption and agricultural pollution, and full utilizing renewableresources.The experiments were consisted of five treatments: T1, wheat straw: the oldmatrix=3:1(volume ratio calculation, the same below); T2, corn straw: the usedmatrix=3:1; T3, cucumber seedlings: the used matrix=3:1; T4, tomato seedling: theold matrix=3:1. The substrate used for3years cultivation was selected as control CK.The main research results were as follows:1. We added decomposed wheat straw, corn straw, cucumber seedlings, andtomato seedling to the cultivation substrates used for3years to cultivate cucumber.The physical and chemical properties of the organic soil were improved in differentdegree. The soil bulk density was declined, while the total porosity and effectivenutrient was increased in the organic soil, which created more suitable environmentfor the growth of cucumber. The soil temperature in the early spring greenhousecould increase2~3℃. Furthmore, microbial activities were promoted, and theactivities of phosphatase, cellulase, invertase and urease were increased.2. Compared with the control, the soil temperature was improved, and cucumber seedling height, root activity, chlorophyll, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, root shootratio, photosynthetic rate were all significantly increased with organic substrateaddition. The yield per unit area was increased and fruit quality of cucumber was alsoimproved. The addition of organic substrate also had significant influence on themineral elements content. The contents of mineral elements of cucumber leaves wereincreased.3. Adding different organic substrate could significantly improve the quality andyield of cucumber. The contents of total sugar, Vc, soluble protein were significantincreased and fruit nitrate content decreased compared with control. The highest yieldwas appeared in treatment T3among all the organic substrate cultivation, which wasincreased38.97%compared with the control. The following places were T4, T1and T2,which were increased by28.46%~35.71%compared with the control. T3behavedthe lowest nitrate content was112mg·kg-1, lower than CK54.8%.The above results showed that the treatments of T3and T4were the optimal ofcucumber yield and quality by adding organic substrate under the conditions of thisexperiment.