A Study Supported By GIS On The Types Of South Fujian's Hillside Orchard Landscape

The hillsides of South Fujian is the important area for exploiting and growing fruits. However, the unsuitable matching of hillside orchard landscape in vertical direction and its unreasonable space pattern in horizontal direction are the reasons which lead to soil erosion and badly-destroyed natural environment in hillside area. Furthermore, those two reasons gradually form the main problem about the decline of ecological quality in hillside orchard landscape. Therefore, under the support of new technology of Geographical Information System(GIS), some researches have been done on the types of South Fujian hillside landscape, hoping it can provide a necessary research basis for protecting the virtuous development of the whole ecology in this area and reducing soil erosion.Taking Zhangpu County in South Fujian as a sample area, on the theoretical basis of landscape ecology, and supported by GIS, a classification among landscape orchards has been made, which includes 12 types of landscape, 35 subtypes of landscape(1), 90 subtypes of landscape (2), and 149 subtypes of landscape (3). Based on it and combined with investigation and analysis of landscape; besides, by using FoxPro software and so on, the space pattern index of the types of South Fujian hillside orchard landscape has been figured out. To each index, the space pattern's features of South Fujian's hillside orchard landscape has been analyzed. The result turns out: (1)exploiting and growing fruits have produced strongly man-made disturbance on Zhangpu's hillside, which change the natural landscape into broken landscape managed by men; (2)The low hills, the slightly steep slope and gentle slope of the tableland are the man area of hillside orchards, in tableland are the main area ofhillside orchards, which newly exploited orchard of young growth have occupied a large proportion. Those two types of hillside are not only the badly destroyed area of soil erosion, but also the key area which must be protected; (3)The landscape diversity of hillside orchards in Zhangpu is on a low level, in which tableland and low hillock have an obvious proportion, and also on which litchi and longan take an absolute advantage. Those make the sample area's landscape become monotonous, and the ecological function of landscape decline.The main measures taken to improve the ecological ability of hillside orchard landscape in Zhangpu County are shown as following: to make a plan of orchards, which leads to the reasonable arrangement of hillside orchards in space; to cope with the soil erosion of hillside orchards effectively by taking scientific measures.