Study On Factors Affect Survival Rate Of Gerbera Jamesonii After Transplant In Substrate Culture

The experiment was carried about the commercial transplantation of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus seedlings. The effect of nutrient solution regarding pH, EC, super absorbent polymer (SAP) and root promoter on survival rate, vegetative and reproductive growth was analysised. In order to find out the main factors affecting Gerbera jamesonii Bolus survival rate of substrate culture, and put forward a set of practical tube management technical measures for seedlings transplanting and provide the reference for improving the Gerbera jamesonii Bolus transplanting survival rate. The main research results are as follows:(1) The results showed that different nutrition solution pH (4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0) affect the growth and development of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus by using the hydroponic system for seedlings. The growth was observed higher upward trend in the slightly acidic nutrient solution with pH 6.0,however it was inhibited when the alkali nutrient solution with pH 8.0 and 9.0 was used. Symptom of yellow leaves appeared in pH 8.0 and 9.0. Therefore, the pH value of culture medium may be one of the important influence factors for symptom of yellow leaves.(2) The results revealed that nutrition solution concentration treaments (1/4 and 1/2 and 1and 2 and 3 unit of nutrition solution) influence the growth of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus. In the culture time the growth was greater in the treatment of 1/2 unit of nutrition solution. However the growth of the Gerbera jamesonii Bolus was slower and inhibited in the treatment of 2 and 3 unit of nutrition solution. The nutrition solution concentration had no significant effect on symptom of yellow leaves. It concluded that the EC value of culture medium may not be the main influence factor for symptom of yellow leaves.(3) Effects of different pH (4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0) on the growth and development of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus in hydroponics are basically the same to the impacts of substrate culture. PH 5.0 and 6.0 was advantage to the growth of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus. The survival rates of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus in substrate culture can be improved by irrigating nutrition solution with pH 4.0 and 5.0 and 6.0 and 7.0. Compared with last year (2009), the survival rate of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus was increased 23～25%. Cultivation effect analysis showed that photosynthetic rate of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus with pH 6.0 was highest. It was observed that Gerbera jamesonii Bolus blossomed early with nutrient solution at pH 5.0 and pH 6.0, and with higher yields and better quality of flowers. Before fertilization, the content of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus leaves were higher with nutrient solution pH is 5.0 and 6.0 as compared to pH is 4.0 and 7.0. After fertilization, the content of Fe, Mn in Gerbera jamesonii Bolus leaves increased relatively obvious. The content of Fe, Mn was significantly highest with nutrient solution pH is 6.0 than pH is 4.0 and 7.0. The results showed that pH value has effect on absorption of Fe, Mn and other trace elements with the chlorophyll content and may be one of the important influence factors for symptom of yellow leaves.(4) Both SAP and Root promoter (ABT) can improve the survival rate of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus in substrate culture. Survival rate reached over 92.22%. Compared with CK, SAP treatment and the treatment with 100mg/L and 50 mg/L of ABT accelerated the growth of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus. Over the vegetative stage, the total chlorophyll content of SAP treatment of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus increased, all ABT treatments showed downward trend at first and later on upward trend, whereas in CK it was decreased. The quality of cut flowers is good with the SAP treatment and treatment with 100mg/L of ABT cut flowers and cut flowers yield is highest with the SAP treatment, for 66 per area. SAP treatment and treatment with 100mg/L of ABT and treatment with 50mg/L of ABT improved the contents of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus of substrate significantly. Treatment with 25mg/L of ABT had no significant effects on the contents of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus of substrate comparing that of control. SAP treatment improved the contents of N, P and K in leaves and also in roots. The contents of N , P and K in leaves and in roots are different then 100mg/L of ABT and 50mg/L of ABT. Treatment with 25mg/L of ABT had no significant effects on the contents of N, P and K comparing with the control. So, use SAP and root promoter when planting to improve root growth is helpful to the growth of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus seedlings in substrate culture.