| Gladiolus is one of the four major cut flower famous of the world. How to realize the high-quality cut flower producing annually is an important content of disquisition on Gladiolus, and flower bud differentiation is a key period from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and also is the core of adjust and control in florescence. Illumination is one of major environmental factors which effect the growing of Gladiolus, especially is the major limited factors for high-quality cut flower production in the greenhouse when the weather is cold on autumn, winter and spring in the north area. In the thesis it was systemically studied and discussed the illumination effected the flower bud differentiation course of Gladiolus; relevant physiological-biochemical index and dynamic process on microstructure of Gladiolus flower differentiation. Introducing different daylength treatment as 8 hours short daylength, 12 hours middle daylength and 14-16 hours daylength treatments and different intensities of illumination treatment as control treatment about 100% of natural lighting; one tier shading treatment about 40% transmittancy, two tiers shading treatment about 20% transmittancy and four tiers shading treatment about 3% transmittancy. Studied the discrepancy of the course of Gladiolus flower bud differentiation of three Gladiolus varieties on different autumn on light treatment, and in the course of flower bud differentiation the content varietied rhythm of the proteid, soluble sugar, starch, DNA and RNA and so on. Test result of study indicated:There were divided six period in flower bud differentiation of Gladiolus, including (1) Unifferentiation Phase; (2) Inflorescence Differentiation Phase; (3) Single Flower Different--iation Phase; (4) Bract Differentiation Phase; (5) Petal Differentiation Phase; (6) Stamen Differentiation Phase.; (7) Pistil Differentiation Phase; (8) Inflorescence elongation Phase.Early-maturing variety entered flower bud differentiation earlier than middle and late variety, and the process of flower bud differentiation also faster.Short daylength light treatment of 8 hours could promote flower bud differentiation of Gladiolus, and advance florescence, especially for middle and late variety of mature period. 12 hours daylength light treatment also could advance florescence, but not much marked effect than 8 hours. 8 hours daylength light treatment caused the contents of protein and soluble sugar and starch reduce in the blade, didn't markedly effected the contents in the corms.If the intensities of illumination were too low the flower bud of Gladiolus would be abortive and could not go along differentiation further. It could be divided into two phases, the first stage from beginning of flower bud differentiation to there were 4 leaf period, this period the plant wasnot sensitive to the illumination; the second stage from 4 leaf period to having accomplished flower bud differentiation and the inflorescence carried on afterwards extended one, in this period the plant was very sensitive to the illumination. Low intensities effected markedly the physiological-biochemical index in the foliage much than in the corm, the content of protein and soluble sugar and starch was high at the high intensities of illumination, especially at the stage of inflorescence carried the content in high intensities obviously higher than in low intensities. The early variety of mature period could bear the effect of intensities of illumination at a low level relatively.Candidate: Huangjiaxin; Speciality: Pomology Supervisor: Dean Prof. Che daidi... |
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