| The CMS is one of the main ways to make use of wheat heterosis . In order to probe into and open out the fertility characteristics of male sterile lines of Nian type in wheat deeply, to utilize characteristics as fertility gene single of it, and to establish a undivided convertible breeding system of it, the principle materials, such as sterile gene carriers different resources, a series of non-1BL/IRS male sterile lines of different cytoplasms and identical nucleus, identical cytoplasms and diversified nucleus and different cytoplasms and nucleus, are utilized, and four contents are studied in this research: 1. to screen the different fertility gene carriers and compare fertility characteristic of male sterile lines of Nian type in wheat; 2. to study inheritance on restoring performance of it; 3. to analyze the genetic mechanism of male and female gametes transferring in sterile lines and F1; 4. to establish the fast convertible breeding system of it. The results are as follows.1. By screening the non-lBL /IRS male sterile carriers of Nian type from different resources in wheat and combining with cytology identification, we can find that SP4, T.macha, 90-110, 224 are belong to the types of non-1BL /1RS male sterility. They manifest complete male sterility, and the sterility are very stable. After non-1BL /1RS male sterile carriers SP4, T.macha, 90-110, 224 are led into the allocytoplasms with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms. The results of mensuration to their fertility restoring performances show as follows: The restoring performances of sterile carriers with Ae.kotschyi and Ae.ventricosa are quite different. The restoring degree of Alloplasms SP4 and T.macha sterile carriers respectively is lower. The range of restoring degree is wider. The C.V. is higher, and FI plants of these two sterile types appear sterility separation in genotype of special father or sterile cytoplasms. The restoring performances of Alloplasms 90-110 and 224 are fine. They don't appear sterility separation. The C.V. is lower. Compared with SP4 and T.macha , the difference of average seed set is best significant. So 90-110 and 224 are the fine resources of maintaining lines. They have the vast prospects for making use of heterosis in wheat.2. The fertility restoring performance of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-lBL/IRS wheat with Aegilops kotschyi, Ae.varibilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicorniscytoplasms are systematically investigated in this paper. The results are as follows: The 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BL/1RS wheat tested are all belonged to the sterile type of both good restoration and fine maintenance performance. When the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-lBL/1RS wheat, as female parents, are testcrossed with an identical male parent or many different male parents, there is significant negative correlation between the average seed set of FI and the C.V. of the seed set among the single plant. As for the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BL/1RS wheat, their average seed set of F1 is influenced by its alloplasmic cytoplasm to some extent. But there is not Significance of difference among different sterile cytoplasms. Though the fertility carrier of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non-1BL/1RS wheat is the same each other, the location of fertility loci in the same linkage group, besides the male sterile type with Ae.kotschyi, Ae.varibilis cytoplasms is identical, may be different respectively.The some minor enhance gene and inhibiting gene of fertility, besides major fertility gene, are in the different karyotype of the male sterile lines and the restorer lines of 4 alloplasmic non-lBL/IRS wheat. The forms constituted and combined of gene from different parent lines is important judgement index of the fertility restoring degree of NIAN type.3. The manner of gametes transmission of non-lBL/IRS male sterile lines with Ae.kotschyi Ae.variabilis, Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms in wheat and F1 is analyzed in this paper. Ob...
|
PDF Full Text Request