| The study was conducted in the Pan Xian county of Guizhou province from 2003 to 2004 at three localities ranging in altitude 1100m, 1620m and 1960m, and average temperature per day was 15.3℃, 14.3℃ and 13.3℃. It was to indicate the Influence of different altitude on grain yield, plant height, planting-to-harvest duration, characters of seedling root, characters of ear and quality of grain from different ecological area maize varieties, and to do the stability analysis of varieties. The relationship and path analysis between hybrids characters of ear and grain yield, and quality of seed and grain yield were conducted as well. The main results are as follows:1. Influence of different altitude on grain yield, plant height, planting-to-harvest durationIn cold highland vertical climatic belt,maize was often subjected to the conditions of low temperature and less illumination and accumulative temperature. In three localities, grain yield and plant height decreased, while planting-to-harvest duration prolonged as the altitude increase. Furthermore, each 100 meters the latitude increases, the grain yield decreases by 302.8kg/hm2 or so and the plant height decreases by 3.2cm, while the planting-to-harvest duration prolonged 2.96 days.2. Stability analysis of varietiesThrough stability analysis, Haihel, Panyu4 and 508xsull possess better stability than other varieties planted in cool highland mountain area. It indicated that Panyu4, 508xsull were fit for the condition of cool highland mountain area, and could be popularized abroad.3. Influence of different altitudes on seedling root length, root number and dry matter weight of rootInfluence of different altitude height on seedling root length wasn't significant, but root number and dry matter weight of root was very significant, and decreased as the altitude ascends.it was the same among varieties.4. Influence of different altitudes on the characters of earInfluence of different altitude on ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, 100-grain weight, kernel length, kernel width, ratio of kernel dry weight per ear and total dry weight per ear, water content of ear was significant. As the altitude was ascends, the ear length shortened, ear diameter become thin and number of kernels per row reduced, while 100-grain weight, kernel length, kernel width, ratio of kernel dry weight per ear and total dry weight per ear decreased; water content of ear increased. Discrepancy was significant among all varieties, too. Influence of different altitude to number of rows per ear was not significant, but number of rows per ear trended to increase when the altitude was ascending.5. Influence of different altitudes on quality of seedInfluence of different altitudes on content of seed's protein, oil and lysine was not significant. From the results, protein and oil content in seed was increasing but lysine content of seed was decreasing when the altitude was ascending. There were significant differences in protein and oil content in seed among different ecological varieties, and the results showed that protein and oil content of seed were: highland varieties>highlandxtemperate zone> temperate zone varieties, while the trend of lysine content was reverse. Difference of the soluble sugar content in seed in different altitude height was significant, and it tended to decrease while the altitude ascends.6. Correlation analysis between grain yield and ear characters in different altitudeThe result of correlation analysis indicates that each ear characters influences the grain yield differently. There was obvious discrepancy between the correlation of grain yield and ear characters in different altitude. According to the degree of correlation, the relationship from the highest to the lowest were: ear length > ear diameter> number of kernels per row > 100-grain weight> number of kernel rows per ear > ratio of kernel dry weight per ear and total dry weight per ear > ratio of length of no kernel and ear length, and the correlations of g...
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