Development Of Maize Hybrid "Hanyu 1" Adapted To Highland And Cold Area

Liupanshui City is famous for "three-dimensional agriculture" since the complex terrain and the diverse climate in these mountains. Crop harvested once or twice in a year here. Maize (Zea mays L.) is the one of the most important grain crops in the world because of the strong adaptability, high yield, and the yield potential of the characteristics, and it also planted widely at Liupanshui City. The Maize planting area is 66,000 hm~2 around at Liupanshui City which can be planted alone in the spring or intercropped with spring potato, soybean. Maize Yield of is low, about 350 kg per 667 m~2. With the popularization of maize hybrid, corn yield has been improved continuously; total grain production has been increased year by year. Maize hybrid plays an important role in the development of the corn grain production.In the city above the elevation of 1600 m, the introduction of maize hybrid varieties from the North or other areas is very difficult to adapt to this area because of the high altitude, low temperature, weak sunshine, low temperatures and humidity, the temperature difference between day and night, Temperatures rose slowly in spring, in Autumn, temperatures dropped early autumn time, and greatly restrict the development of maize hybrid in our city. Therefore, to develop Highland and cold Area mountain hybrid corn breeding, and breed maize hybrids adapt to these areas are very important. It increases Liupanshui city alpine mountain corn yield levels, and promotes the production of a new level of maize. At the same time, it could lead neighboring provinces and municipalities in the same ecological development maize production.We analyzed the circumstances of corn production and breeding hybrid maize in last 20 years of Guizhou Province and Liupanshui in this study, and concluded that avoiding or enduring the hazard of coldness in autumns are all our breeding goals. There are two possible ways to achieve this: (1) we can choose the variety with early maturity which can finish the grouting process before cold snap; (2) variety with cold resistance is also considered for which can mature normally during or after cold snap. With this two main methods, two inbred lines—16-18 and 22-1, which adapt to highland and cold area ecology, were obtained from local varieties and improved populations. We also chose a hybrid "HANYU 1" from the cross combination of the local inbred lines and alien lines. Tthe result showed that maize hybrids from this kind combinations have better adaptability to Highland and cold Area, and the method could be widely used in later maize breeding.