| In this experiment, 1-year-old 'Beta' cuttings were used as rootstocks and 4-year-old 'Red globe' grapes were as scions. The reunion of grafting components were studied. The results were as the follow:The grape graft processes included the emerge of septum, the formation and docking of calli, the formation of vascular bridges, and the differentiation and connection of conduction tissues. After grafted, at the 4th - 6th day, septum appeared on cross-section; at the 9th - 12th day, calli set up; after the 8th day, the calli of both sides began to contact each other and the septum were to disappear; at the 24 - 30th day, calli began to differentiate and vascular bridges were to set up; at the 35th - 40th day, vascular tissues began to set up and contact each other, then the whole reunion process was over.Isotopic tracing showed that little labeled assimilation were transported from scions to stocks on the early, but the labeled assimilations in stocks increased quickly from 5.3% to 12.1% at the 18th - 24th day. The transportation rate of assimilation rose obviously after the 24th day, which was consistent with the results of histological observation.In addition, we studied the effects of graft on the development and yield and quality of grapes using 4-year-old grafted and cuttings 'Red globe' ('Beta' as stocks) as experimental materials. The results were as follow:The phenophase were different between two types. The phenophase of the grafted ones were 1-2 days earlyer than that of control. This showed that graft may affect the phenophase of grape in some degree. The budding rate, fertile branch rate and fruct set rate of the grafted 'Red globe' were obviously higher than that of control.The results showed that the length and diameter of shoots were similar in two types during the whole growth phase. The growth accumulation were also similar when the shoots stopped growthing. On the whole, they were similar on growth vigor, so graft did not influence the growth of shoots.The leaf area, leaf dry weight and leaf density of grafted ones were basically consistent with that of the control. The three values above were similar between the two types when the growth of leaf stopped. The contents of N and K and Zn of the grafted ones were higher than that of the control by 5.1% and 14.9% and 32.5%. As to microelements, the contents of Fe,Mn and Cu of leaves of the grafted ones were comparatively low, but that of B had no change.The grafted 'Red globe' and the cuttings 'Red globe' were similar on the increasement trend of the fresh weight and volume of fruits, and both presented as double S curve; similar on the changing trend of TSS and reducing sugar in fruits, and both were comparatively low in the I and II phases and rose quickly from entering mature phase to complete mature; also similar on the changing trend of total acid, but the trend was opposite to that of TSS.After fruts ripeness ,the reducing sugar in the fruits of the grafted 'Red globe' was obviously higher by 27.8%. Compared with the control, The content of Vc in that was obviously higher., TSS and TA in that were similar; the content of Contenof anthocyani was lower. The contents of N, Ca, Mg and P were respectively higher by 24.5%, 13.1%, 14.7% and 34.9%, but other micro elements were similar. As to microelements, compared with CK, the content of Fe was obviously higher by 21.4%. On the whole, graft would do no bad influence on the quality of grapes; graft may improve the quality of grapesberry diameter ,mean weight of berries, mean cluster weight and mean single plant yield were all higher obviously.,which showing that graft may benefit for the improvement of the yields of grapes.
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