Anatomical Studies On The Cause Of The Abnormal Grape Spike-stalk And Fruit Treated By Exogenous Hormone

Red Globe was considered as one of the most important fresh varieties in the world market. And the quality and character of grape was required more and more. Nowadays, phytohormone was utilized to improve the commercial character of fruit in the international. However the studies on the cause of abnormality was less. The abnormal grape spike-stalk and fruit was researched in the anatomy method. Then the anatomy reason was analysed in the microcosmic angle as a basic and preparation for other studies. The result of experiment indicated that as follows:1. Phenological period of grape was affected by being treated with hormone. The florescence was brought forward and the developmental phase of fruit was delayed. The fruit render more slowly than the contrast. And the effect of hormone containing GA₃ was the biggest.2. Abnormal change of fruit and cluster was caused by certain concentration. It was mainly expressed to be rigidification of cluster and fruit, curl of spike-stalk, applanation and being widen of terminal of spike-stalk, and visible severely small size fruit phenomenon. Abnormality of that treated with GA₃ was more serious than other treatments.3. The anatomy effect on the spike-stalk and fruit treated by hormone was different in the course of growth and development. And the uniform and specific rule of the effect on the tissue structure hadn't been found. The array of cortex cells was more inseparably close than the contrast, and the size and amount of cell was minished.Complementary cell and cork cell were found on part of the treatments. And that was not discovered about the regularity between their appearance and the concentration of hormone. Vascular bundle was developed largely, and the secondary structure appeared much earlier than the contrast. The secondary development was increased following the rise of concentration in the same state. The hollow pith of terminal of spike-stalk was metamorphose seariously, which have no regulary relation with concentration of hormone at the base of experiment. The growth of fruit was advanced by treated with hormone. But the improper treatment may inhibit the increase of cell size and amout. Then the growth of fruit may be stoped ,and even atrophied, and the rigidification was appeared.4. The effect of hormone was different during different period in the whole growth and development course. The develop of cells was accelerate in the lower concerntration during the early stages of development. And the effect of higher concerntration hormone was fastened most on the middle or later development stage. The secondary-lighified structure of cluster cell was appeared and increased during the period. And it was earlier for the treatment of GA₃ and the mixture of GA₃ and Qibao. It was analysed that the phenomenon was related to the divide and differentiate of vascular cambium cell. The fruit cell size and amount was increased with the growth of fruit.5. The amount and volume was affected by hormone , and the shape of cell treated with higher concerntration changed more serious , especially cortex or fruit tissue .6. The period of fruit aberrance was different with that of spike-stalk. It was fastened on the first stage of fruit enlargement, that was the prometaphase of spike-stalk growth. However the change was acclimated to the trends of growing and development of spike-stalk and fruit. It was showed that aberrance was affected by growthing and development of spike-stalk and fruit.