Studies On Karyotype, Banding Patterns And Chromosomal Localization Of ADSL Gene In Chinese Indigenous Chickens

The research was divided into three parts. In the first part, karyotype analysis was carried out on Tibetan chickens and Chahua chickens using the peripheral lymphocyte culture technique. G-banded patterns were obtained with trypsin and Giemsa, and C-banded patterns were treated with barium hydroxide and Giemsa. In the second part, the cluster analysis of karyotype resemblance-near coefficient was made by the data of karyotypes in seven Chinese indigenous chickens(i.e. Taihe silkies, Luyuan chickens, Langshan chickens, Xiaoshan chickens, Beijing fatty chickens , Tibetan chickens and Chahua chickens). In the third part, the chromosomal location of ADSL gene was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH). The results were as followed.1. Succeeding in sliding and banding showed the methods of refined peripheral blood lymphocyte culture and the banding techniques of GTG, BSG were effective for chicken cytogenetic study.2. The karyotypes of the two Chinese indigenous chickens were similar to each other. The two breeds both had a diploid number of 78. However, there was somedifference in the type of N0.4 and NO.6 chromosome of the two breeds.3. Analysis of G-banding patterns for the former 10 pairs of chromosomes of the two breeds indicated that the banding patterns were quite different. The macrochromosomes of Tibetan chickens were divided into 33 zones and 149 bands, while Chahua chickens were 34 zones and 146 bands.4. The C-banding analysis showed the C-band of W-chromosome appeared syllabify in all chromosomal metaphase of hens.5. The seven breeds of chickens were clustered into two clusters. Clusters I included Beijing fatty chickens, Luyuan chickens, Langshan chickens, Taihe silkies and Xiaoshan chickens. Tibetan chickens and Chahua chickens were included into the cluster II. The results of the cluster analysis were identical to Wang De-qian who analyzed the same breeds by microsatellite. And the results could be explained by morphologic taxology, distribution and original regions.6. Arm ratio was reliable in the cluster analysis of karyotype resemblance-near coefficient.7. The karyotype evolution mode of birds could be develop from dissymmetry to symmetry. Rapid genomic changes that happened in centromeric and around centromeric regions should be one of the important inner factors during the course of Chinese indigenous chickens formed.8. ADSL gene of chicken were localized on chromosome l(p), at the position of 36.39±0.26 form the centromere by FISH.