Studies On Biological Character Of Blossom And Fruition In Some Xinjiang Apricot Varieties

The paper commences from some actual problems on culture and production, studies on biological characteristic of blossom and fruition etc.of 8 Xinjiang excellent apricot varieties that are Kezilang, Jianali, Kuerletuoyong, Akeyakeleke, Akeximixi, Saimaiti, Heiyexing and Daguohuanna. That is expected to provide the theories for culture and relative researches Results are as follows: 1,Imperfect flower rate of 8 apricot varieties are significant difference, the rates of them are higher, which are between 22% and 66%. All imperfect flower rate of them show the long fruit branch > the medium fruit branch > the short fruit branch > the nosegay fruit branch, but to percentage of fertile fruit are reversed. 2,Spontaneous pollination and self-pollination percentages of fertile fruit of 8 apricot varieties are lower, which are respectively between 0.4~13.4% and 0.0~7.1%; self-pollination of Daguohuanna, Heiyexing and Saimaiti can't fruit setting; cross pollination percentages of fertile fruit are higher than spontaneous pollination of different apricot varieties. Percentages of fertile fruit of Jianali ×Saimaiti, Jianali ×Heiyexing and Akeyakeleke ×Saimaiti are higher than others, which are respectively 15.5%, 9.6% and 8.8%. 3,The fruit development dynamic state of 8 Xinjiang apricot varieties present a curve of " double S", which can be divided approximately into three stages: the period of fruit grow fast first time, the period of fruit grow slowly and the period of fruit grow fast second time. The motion trend of growth curve of" double S" shows difference because different varieties there are different growth quantity of fruit and different last time of three growth periods. During the first period they are the highest the proportion of the growing quantity of all apricots account mature fruit and the average growing quantity of fruit, among three growing periods. The weight of fresh fruit and dry fruit are the highest during the period of fruit grow fast second time. In the fifth week after April 1, the nuts grow fast, Comparing the first period of fruit, which end in advance about a week. Temporality, the nuts of most apricot varieties grow slowly and begin to hard, which end in the ninth week. The embryos begin to develop in the fifth week after prosperous flower, to eighth week they grow slowly. 4,Apricot floral morphodifferentiation can be divided into six developmental stages that are flower bud indifferentiation stage, flower bud differentiation initial stage, sepal differentiation stage, petal differentiation stage, stamen differentiation stage and pistil differentiation stage, which last from mid-late June to e.o.m. September. Floral morphodifferentiation is mainly in July to September, which need more than 90 days. 5,About 8 Xinjiang apricot varieties, the correlations between main vein lengths, new branch and leaf area are significant positive correlated. The relationships between leaf-fruit ratio and the average single fruit weight of most varieties show significant positive correlated, then it and soluble solid has not significant correlation. 6,It can make the apricot fruit advance mature that spray ethylene. The influences to the fruit size are significant; then the fruit hardness and the fruit soluble solid respectively is lowing and increasing with increasing of the ethylene density. The affects are significantly under the 350 mg·L-1 and 250 mg·L-1, but them can repress branch growth and aggravate to effusion gum.