Study On Yield Potential Developing Of Maize

Abstract: At the same time of implementing the genetic improvement of maize, using the human cultivating method, make the growing factor of maize better, accomplish enough mass plants, stronger individual plant and photosynthetic products is much——which is the key of yield potential developing of maize successively. Take the leaf straight-up type maize hybrids as the experimental material, the yield of hybrids under high density different plant-row distance conducted has been studied in this paper. The aim of this program is that study on the interrelationship of single plant yield with mass yield of modern maize variety under different nutrition environment and search the optimum plant-row distance set of modern maize variety, give the evidence for yield potential developing successively of maize. The result of field experiment which 4 leaf straight-up type maize hybrids, 3 planting model (50cm row distance, 6-angle shape, 67cm row distance), 3 density (60000 plants/hm~2, 75000 plants/hm2, 90000 plants/hm~2) indicated: the first main factor which effect maize yield potential developing is density; second is row distance; the third is variety under this study experimental conditions; the effect of row distance ×density to maize yield is also up to the 0.01 level of difference significant when the leaf straight-up type maize hybrids be used; at the same time of optimum density, row distance and variety be selected, implementing the optimum combination of density ×row distance ×variety is the technology key of maize yield potential developing. The yield of maize hybrids is increasing with the density increasing under density, row distance, variety every factors of this study and then the range of maize yield increase by 50cm row distance is biggest, the effect is most significant under high density; the maize yield difference from different plant-row distance conduced is not apparent under the lower and middle density, it only apparent under high density (75000—90000 plants/hm~2, maximum limited density and the above this density); There is (1+1)>2 combination yield increase effect in process of maize produce using the optimum density ×row distance; 50cm row distance, 6-angle shape planting, this two planting row posses yield increase effect which results in single plant nutrition improvement comprise with 67cm row distance under high density; at the same time to water and apply fertilizer is not convenient at the growing of maize; the optimum combination of Row ×Density ×Variety is that take the V2 (89-1w×5022),V4(Zhengdan 958) these two type hybrids, 50 cm row distance, 90000 plants/hm2;not only the maize yield by 50cm row distance sowing is higher 25.9% and 54.9% significantly than 67cm row distance sowing under 75000 plants/hm2,90000 plants/hm2 respectively, but also be good for the cultivating of maize. Using the leaf straight-up type maize hybrids and 50cm line distance row sowing evenly ,make the maize mass density up to 75000 ~90000plants/hm2 , standardization cultivating under no stress of soil water and nutrition, these compose the technology system of set up the photosynthesis system of high photosynthetic efficiency maize mass canopy. It possess important effect of increase maize yield and agricultural ecological economical effects in modern maize yield potential developing successively.