Exploitation & Application Of Soil Fertility Information And Decision-making System For High Quality Tobacco And High Effeciency Fertilization In Hunan Tobacco Area

There is usually from 60 to 80 thousands hectares for planting tobacco and the tobacco yield ranging from 80 to 100 thousands tons in Hunan province every year. Hunan tobacco industry had achieved more eleven thousands millions RMB profit about one fourth of Hunan finance income in 2003, has played very important role to nation economy. After entering in WTO, the security and usability of tobacco will be requested better, that will bring serious challenge to our tobacco production. At present, some main problems on tobacco quality are unconspicuous fragrance style, impure fragrance, insufficiency of fragrance amount, interior absonant chemistry component, higher nicotine content and poor usability of upper leaves. Improving fragrance quality and increasing amount of fragrance are important task urgently requesting been resolved in tobacco production in china. Synthetically using principles of pedology, phyto nutriology, information technology, geography information system and agro-ecology, we have undertaken research aiming at higher tobacco quality and tobacco production holistic benefit based on surveying soil nutrient, researching nutrition characteristic of tobacco, reciprocities among nutrition element and field experiment results. In order to increase tobacco leave quality and benefit of tobacco production, we have undertaken lots of studies on high quality and high benefit fertilization technology of tobacco production combining outdoor survey with indoor analysis, field trials with pot experiments, such as fertilization quantity of N, P and K, rate of N/K in basic fertilizer and top dressing, application proportion of NO₃^--N and NH₃⁺-N, effect of mid-microelement fertilizer for instance Mg, Zn, Mn, and B, and organic active reagent on tobacco, fertilization conditions, technology and effect and so on, that will gain lots of academic supports for establishing and developing the decision-making system for high quality and high benefit fertilization.We have gained some ideal results in 4-years study, known soil nutrient status in Hunan Province planting tobacco areas and difference of nutrient support capacity among different planting tobacco soil, we have developed the decision-making system for tobacco high quality and high benefit fertilization based on the general survey materials of Hunan province the geographical information technology , Mapinfo software and our research results, carried out commending fertilization scheme at district, county, town and village level, put forward the combining proportion among organic fertilizer, N, P and K in specific tobacco basic fertilizer and top dressing, affirmed effect of mid-microelement fertilizer on tobacco, application quantity of mid-microelement fertilizer, effect of specific tobacco basic fertilizer and top dressing on tobacco and it's application technology.The decision-making system has been popularized 163 thousands hectares from2001 to 2004 in Hunan Province planting tobacco areas, that resulted in 45170 millions kilogram yield increasing and increasing 455182 thousands yuans net income, newly-increasing nationmtax revenues 107217 thousands yuans, newly-increasing enterprise benefit 234827 thousands yuans. The technology can also reduce the production cost at the same time , raise the fertilizer utilization efficiency , the economic, societial, ecological benefits are remarkable.