| In order to acquire good substrates for factory seedling as the substitute for peat media, the physical and chemical characters of compound medias, which were composed of corn straw, chicken manure, pig manure, according to different combination and proportion, and the effect of them on eggplant seedling growth were further studied.After being decomposed, the bulk density, water retaining porosity, total porosity and aeration porosity of the media were decreased. According to the experiment, the suitable level of bulk density, water retaining porosity, aeration porosity, EC, and PH made up:0.2~0.4g/cm~3, 10%~40%, 25%~45%, 1.50ms/cm, 6.0~7.0. The substrates obtained in the experiment had better water retaining porosity and EC than that of CK, furthermore, the higher water retaining ability can be reduced caused by higher EC. The nutrient elements in obtained substrates were better than that of CK (Vpeat : Vvermiculite = 2 : 1). The total N content in treatment A (pure chicken manure), treatment B (chicken manure : corn straw = 2:1, mass-ratio), treatment C (chicken manure : corn straw = 1.5 : 1, mass-ratio ), treatment D (chicken manure : corn straw = 1:1, mass-ratio ), treatment F (pure pig manure ), treatment G (pig manure : corn straw = 2:1, mass-ratio ), treatment H (pig manure : corn straw = 1.5 : 1, mass-ratio) and treatment I (pig manure : corn straw =1:1, mass-ratio ) were superior to that of CK.Using chicken manure/corn straw media to seedling, emergence rate of all treatments can get to 80% except for treatment A and D but not had significant different than that of CK. On the 70 day of seedling age, the biologic characters of treatment B seedlings was equal or exceeded to that of CK and its seedlings biologic characters was as follow: the index of chlorophyll, MDA, Pro were superior to that of CK. Although the root system vigor and net photosynthesis rate were not reached to CK, the difference between them was not significant.Using pig manure/corn straw media to seedling, emergence rate of all treatments can get to 80% except for treatment F. On the 70 day of seedling age, the biologic characters of treatments F, G, H seedlings were equal to that of CK, moreover, compared with CK, the difference of the seedling index between them was not significant. In the aspect of biologic characters the seedlings of treatment G and H can get to the standard of CK.According to the yield data after planting into the field, the former yield of treatment B and G were superior to that of CK, treatment C, F, G can reach to that of CK. The total yield can follow this regularity. Synthesized the relevant data of seedling index, we can know that seedling index had foresight for the yield especially for former yield.Zeolite and celite had peculiar character, which can change the original characters. When we added them to substrates, seedling effects were as follow: the optimum combination treatments were that treatments B and G added to 8% zeolite or8% celite. The seedling index can reach to 10.21, 11.47,10.02, 12.02, respectively. Synthesized the relevant index of the experiment, the seedling effect of a new type substrates lied in its water retaining ability. For example the difference of EC and PH in the chicken manure/corn straw seedling substrates between treatments B and C was not significant but the seedling index between them was significant because of the difference water retaining porosity. Pig manure/corn straw media can follow this regular. So we can infer that the water retaining porosity and water/gas ratio are the dominant factor that can decide the effect of the seedling substrates among all physical and chemical index.The results showed that the optimum combination formulas were as follow: chicken manure : corn straw = 2:1, chicken manure : corn straw = 1.5 : 1, pig manure : corn straw = 2:1, pig manure : corn straw = 1.5 : 1, and the four medias are widely available and very cheap meanwhile they cannot cause pollution of form products.Moreover the physical and chemical characteristics can change further after adding to zeolite and celite and the seedling effect had increase, too. The results showed that the optimum combination formulas which had added to zeolite and celite were the chicken manure/corn straw treatment B , pig manure/corn straw treatment G adding to 8% zeolite and celite respectively.Summarized the results, we recommended that the ideal properties of local -ization seedling substrate was that bulk density 0.3~0.5g/cm3, total porosity 65 -85%, aeration porosity 15-25%, water retaining capacity 40-60%, water/gas ra tio 2.20-3.10, EC 0.70~1.80ms/cm, PH 6.50-6.90.
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