Study On Rapid Propagation And The Application System Of Virus-free Ginger

Ginger is a very important cash crop with higher values in food and medicine.The yield and quality of ginger are much higher for the virus free plants and bacteria free plants than that of the normal one in ginger production. The technology of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger seedling and its rapid propagation via tissue culture were studied deeply in this thesis. The production of seminal seedlings was also investigated. On the other hand, the yield cost of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger was analyzed and has been greatly reduced by improved producing process and trial approach. Furthermore, the promotion systems of virus-free and bacteria-free technology and ginger seminal seedlings were discussed in order to resolve the problems during ginger production via improve ginger rhizome quality and quantity. The main results were as follows:1. Studies on the technology of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger The virus and bacteria of ginger (Taiwai-ginger) was eliminated by heat treatment and stem apex cultured in vitro. The highest regeneration frequency, 74.1%, was observed when explants cultivated on the inducing medium of MS supplemented with 2.0 mg.L^-1 BA and 0.6 mg.L^-1 NAA for shoot organogenesis. Pseudomonas solanacearum and virus (tobacco mosaic virus, TMV and cucumber mosaic virus, CMV) were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and PDA culture among the ginger seedlings derived from tissue culture, and the seminal ginger seedlings free of bacteria and virus were obtained at last.2. Studies on rapid propagation technology of bacteria- free and virus-free ginger seedlings The factors including type of explants, different hormonal composition and concentrations, concentration of sugar, mediums in different states, temperature, photoperiod etc. were investigated during micro-propagation. The regeneration shoots were tufted with 3% sugar. Liquid medium of MS with 4.0 mg.L^-1 6-BA and 0.2 mg.L^-1 NAA was best for subculture, and the multiplication coefficient reached as high as 6.2 times per 28 days.3. Studies on the optimal rooting medium MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.2 mg.L^-1 BA, 0.5 mg.L^-1 NAA and 1% (w/v) sucrose was the optimal condition for root induction. On this condition the plants were vigorous withemerald green leaves and strong root system. The rooting rate was 100% and root could be induced in short time.4. Studies on the supporting materials of the tube seedling cultivationPlants from solid culture system and liquid culture system were transferred to different culture medium in greenhouse. It was found that perlite mixed with soil was the best one for seedlings survival. The survival rate of regenerated seedlings performed in liquid culture system was 96.28%, better than those performed in solid culture system (92.73%).5. Analysis for the key factors for the cost and profit during virus-free and bacteria-free ginger production The production cost of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger was reduced by 24.2% and the propagation period shortened when liquid culture system was used and the concentration of sucrose was reduced. Meanwhile, the multiplication coefficient of subculture was remained the same level as solid culture, while the quality of seedling and the quantity and length of root during rooting culture were improved greatly. So the benefit was enhanced greatly and it is significant for promotion of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger extended in large area.6. Studies on the technology of ginger production The virus-free and bacteria-free ginger seedlings were investigated by net-isolation in greenhouse and the biological characters were observed and compared.7. The extending system of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger Therecent state and problem of virus-free and bacteria-free ginger extending was reviewed, and we made some suggestion and put forward several resolve measure depending on reports and our study. Furthermore, the technology of standard produce process was discussed in brief.