Grapes Detoxification Rapid Propagation Of Tissue Culture Technology

The effect of different disinfection time, size of explants and hormone on grape tissue culture and rapid propagation was investigated to establish a system of grape tissue culture for speeding propagation, using the stem-segments with single bud of 'venus seedless' , 'Victoria' and 'Fujiminori' , three fresh food grapes.The explants of 'venus seedless' disinfected for different time length were inoculated with initial medium . Cultivated the contamination rate and browning rate and survival rate 20d late. The results indicated that: the contamination rate was highest to 68% which was treated with 0. 1% mercuric chloride for 5min, while the browning rate was lowest to 13%; the contamination rate and browning rate were temperate, the survival rate was highest to 54% which was treated for 8min; the contamination rate was lowest to 2% while the browning rate was highest to 86% which was treated for 11min . The temperate time length of disinfection was 8min to explants of grape.Three different sizes of explants of 'venus seedless' were inoculated with initial medium . Cultivated the germination rate and observed their growth condition. The results indicated that: the 0.2～0.5cm size of explants sprouted slowly and the buds grew slowly too, with little callus; the 0.5～1.0cm size of explants sprouted quickly and the buds grew quickly and the plants were strong, grew a lot of callus; the 0.2～0.5cm size of explants had only a few of callus, sprouted quickly but the buds grew weekly .The effect of different concentration of 6-BA on grape initial tissue culture was investigated using the explants of 'venus seedless' as material and using the 1/2MS as basic medium. The results indicated that: the germination rate was 36%, the proliferation coefficient was 0.4 when the concentration of 6-BA was 0.5mg/L. The temperate initial medium was 1/2MS + 6-BA1.0mg/L + IBA0.05mg/L.The effect of different hormone ratio for rooting of grape tissue culture seedlings was investigated, using the aseptic seedlings as material and using the 1/2MS as basic medium. The results indicated that:the temperate rooting medium was 1/2MS+IBA0.5mg/L.The effect of different varieties on grape tissue culture was investigated using the explants of 'venus seedless' , 'Victoria' and 'Fujiminori' as material and using 1/2MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+IBA0.05mg/L as initial medium. The results indicated that: the germination rates of the three varieties of grape were 59%,50%,18%, the germination rates of 'Fujiminori' and the other two had significant differences. 'venus seedless' and 'Victoria' can propagate seedlings using the tissue culture technology more easier than 'Fujiminori' .Inoculated the callus of the three grape with the differentiation such as MS(改)+ 6-BA0.5mg/L +NAA0.1m/L, and cultivated the differentiation rate and proliferation coefficient 30d late. The results indicated that: the differentiation rate of 'Victoria' was highest to 73%.Malformation and yellowing symptom were happened in the subculture of 'Victoria' , witch reasons may be related to the concentration of 6-BA was too high or the explants had viruses. It happened that some callus differentiated to long roots but not seedlings, witch reasons should be further studied.