Studies On Benefits Evaluation And Compensation Mechanism Of The Rangeland Convertion Program Of Inner Mongolia

As the largest land ecosystem of our country, the grassland has been served as the main type of vegetation to maintain the ecological balance in the drought region of northwest China and also served as the material basis of existance and development of some minorities. It plays an important role in the national economy and ecological environment. The Rangeland Convertion Program is a strategic one to improve the ecological environment of grassland and promote the sustainable development of economy in pastoral area.It concerns not only to the ecological safety of nation but also has an important meaning to the economic development of nation and localities.Based on summarizing the benefits evaluation, ecological compensation policy, and the current status of practical research of grassland eco-construction program at home and abroad and taking the Rangeland Convertion Program of Banners Ewenke and Alashanzuo of Inner Mongolia as the research object, the random sample investigation of herdsman household and the statistics data over years as the basis and taking the ecological environment, economy and social conditions before the beginning of project as the control, a sysmatical research has been conducted on the following contents: the vegetation condition, gross domestic product, gross domestic product per person, herdsman's annual net income per person, total number of livestock in the end of year, net income of animal husbandry of the program household, an objective evaluation on the comprehensive benefits of the Rangeland Convertion Program has been conducted on this basis. And also using for reference the externality theory, public goods theory, labor value theory and land rent theory, the theoretical basis to conduct the ecological compensation in Rangeland Convertion Program has been clarified and probed into and studied the types, method and criterion and relevant complete set of policy and mearsures of eco-compensation of the Rangeland Convertion Program.With the method of demonstration, this paper has conducted the timely and comprehensive evaluation on the benefits of Rangeland Convertion Program in grassland area of Inner Mongolia and also explored and studied the compensation mechanism and compensation policy, which is aimed at the Rangeland Convertion Program. This paper has a definite meaning for using reference to conduct smoothly the eco-protect in grassland area of our country and to establish the policy and mechanism of eco-compensation in functional area of grassland.