| We detected the Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. from Zhejiang Province, Henan Province, Shanxi Province, Hebei Province, Sichuan Province, Henan Province, Shandong province, Hubei province and Anhui province, China. Seven isolates of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) were gotten from the Pinellia ternata samples and molecular phylogeny analysis was done to these isolates.Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV) , cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and SMV from P. ternate. collected from different areas of China were detected by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR. The results showed that DsMV and CMV are both main viruses infecting P. ternata in China. But DsMV is not the virus which infects P. ternate in natural condition. The infection ratio of cultivated P. ternate by SMV and CMV were 48.2% and42.4% for 29 samples.The SMV isolated form P. ternate different from the soybean isolates,the similary is between80.1%to81.3%;The CMV isolated form P. ternate belongs to the CMV group â… .7 isolates of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) were detected in PCR amplification performed with universal primer of Potyvirus. Further phylogenetic research on CP genes of these SMV isolates and some other SMV collected from Glycine max, DsMV and watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) reconstructed the evolutionary routine on nucleotide and amino acid levels respectively. Similarity and homology of nucleotide sequences for SMV CP genes showed high host and partially geological pertinence, while alignment and comparison of amino acid sequences showed that the host pertinence is largely distinct than geological pertinence. The N-terminal highly variation region of SMV CP gene from P. ternata is the recombination of SMV from G. max and WMV, which also endures evolutionary selection press obviously. The conserved region of CP gene which determines the main function shows little diversity between species. This study primarily displayed the evolutionary strategy that SMV adapts to different hosts through rapid mutation and recombination.
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