Study On Physiological And Cytogenetical Characteristics Of Authentic (Daodi) Coptis In Sichuan

Golden Thread is a kind of Chinese traditional medicine herb which is used widely. It could remove damp-heat and deprive dampness, quench fire and detoxifies the body. The C.chinensis Franch, C. deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao and C.omeinensis (Chen) C.Y.Cheng, which belong to Copitis Salisb and use as the traditional Chinese drugs, are remain with authenticity of a traditional Chinese medicinal plant in Sichuan. However the farmers found that the species of C. deltoidea C.Y.Cheng is highly sterile and its progenies depend only on the asexual reproduction, it was only distributed in a narrow region of the E'men Mountains, Sichuan. The C.chinensis Franch was distributed in low and middle of Yangtze River. The C.omeinensis (Chen) C.Y.Cheng was mostly distributed in the E'men Mountains and Yunan with altitude from 1600m to 2200m. It generally lives on the precipice or rocks with the damp environment. The leaf epidermal varied with the environment, which can be used not only to discuss the systematical relationship of species, genus et al, but also to analyze the relationship of the diversification in configuration and the adoption to natural intimidation. In biology, cell chromosome can show the law of inheritance and aberrance as well as the inherent mechanism. The isozyme is the direct product of gene. The differences in the isozyme molecules mainly show the diversity in the behavior of gene and in a certain extent show the evolvement in plant. Thereby, in this paper, three species of Coptis are collected from Sichuan and Chongqing, sorted by means of classifying, living places and growth ages etc. we study on the size of stomata, the stomatal index, the stomatal density and the cell numbers surrounding stomata. We also use the young leaves tips to study the cell chromosome, analyze the electrophoresis about the enzyme extracted from the fresh roots. The main results are summarized as below.1. The leaf epidermal characters of the tree speciese of Coptis, including size of stomata, stomatal index, stomatal density and cell numbers surrounding stomata, were examined. The results showed that no differences were found among species, however differences were observed within species on the stomatal feature due to the environment. Therefore, the leaf epidermal characters did not explain the systematic relationship in...