Studies On Comparative Embryology Between Coptis Deltoidea C. Y. Cheng Et Hsiao And Coptis Chinensis Franch.

Coptis deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao is mainly distributed to the Emei and Hongya in Sichuan province, grows in the high cold moutain area which elevation is 1600～2200 meter. It is closed to carry by every version Chinese medical dictionary, its root-stock that named Yalian can be used as a medicine. Because the incapability generates seed as embryonic abortion, it can carry on a cloning via creeping plant, adding to low output, the cycle of the growth lengthways and many reasons. So few someones plant now that the resource is extremely rarely seen. It belongs to endangered plants of second class state protection.The studies about its embryonic knowledge and the reason of embryonic abortion haven't reported since now. Combining biologic microsection technique with plant embryonic knowledge in this research, to compare C. deltoidea C. Y. Cheng et Hsiao with congeneric plant Coptis chinensis Franch. in embryoloy study. Talking about its endangered causes and mechanism to provide the basis for setting out scientific and reasonable protections.The main conclusions of research were as follows:The anther with four microsporangium, and its wall is composed of 4-5 layers:epidermis,fibrous endothelium, middle layer and glandular tapetum. Cytokinesis of petunia belongs to simultaneous cytokinesis, and quaret cell is tetrahedron form.The pistil is composed of 8～12 carpels. Each camel is composed of 6～8 ovules.The department of carpel closed, and the top crazed. There are vascular bundles in each pectin place of carpels and ovule bead.The ovules are anatropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate. The outer integument is composed of 5 layers of cells, while the inner integument is of 2～3 layers of cells, and the nucellus was 4-5 layers of cells. The micropyle is formed by the inner intequment.The chalazal megaspore of a linear tetrad develops into a polygonun type sac. But most megaspore tetrad is linear or T type. After the tetrad period, the callose that surrounding microspore is degradation and shrinkage. Most of microspore is empty flat state gradually or cytoclasised. After the completion of the embryo development, the ovule is deterioration. The male and female gametophyt have normal development. Mature pollen grains are 2-celled, an occasional 3-celled. The zygot dormancying after the double fertilization, conjugation nucleus are processing mitotic. The endosperm development follows the Nuclear type.