| The article studied the comprehensive investigation in Rosa rugosa and preliminary research on 5 physiological and biochemical indexes(water content of leaf ,leaf relative conductivity, free proline content, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content) that measured in 16 rugosa rose materials. Based on it preliminary compare drought resistance of different cultivars of rugosa rose and different kinds of provenance variation rugosa rose. Through coordinate composite evaluation on 5 physiological and biochemical indexes, the results indicated that drought-resistance sequence of rugosa rose materials and provided the theoretical guidance and technical support. Gray correlation degrees were calculated between each trait and its drought tolerance index,and the cluster analysis based on the weighted drought-tolerance index of materials. The fruit yield/plant (y) and 10 quantitative traits of 8 rugosa rose cultivars were investigated,this will provide theoretic base for genetic resource research and breeding of Rugosa rose. Analysis of genetic correlation, heritability (hxy) and path analysis of fruits were carried out. The relation degree between each quantitative traits and the floral fruit yield/plant (y) were investigated by calculating gray correlation degrees. The repeatability of the fruit yield was estimated to forecast the floral fruit yield/plant. Evaluate the cultivars by analyzing principal component. The main results are as following:1.With the increase of drought stress level, the tendency of the 5 physiological and biochemical indexes in every material under drought stress were similar. The leaf relative conductivity, free praline content and soluble sugar content rose, water content of leaf decreased, and soluble protein content first decreased and then increased. And the change degree of the indexes was different due to different materials of clones.2.Through coordinate composite evaluation on 5 physiological and biochemical indexes, the results indicated that drought-resistance sequence of 15 clones were Shandong Muping, Shandong Rongchen, R. rugosa'Saixizi', R. rugosa'Purple Cloud', R. rugosa cv.'Plena', R. rugosa'Ziyingbinfen', R. rugosa'Xiangciguo', Jilin Huichun , R. rugosa'Xizi', R. rugosa'Purple Dragon Lying', R. rugosa'Tang White', R. rugosa'Purple Goose', R. rugosa'Beautiful Homeland', R. rugosa'Tang Red', R. rugosa'Ciguomeigui', R. rugosa'Purple Branch'.3.Drought resistance of wild roses with their provenance location, the average annual mean temperature and precipitation has a certain relationship.4.The cluster analysis of experimental materials based on weighted drought-tolerance index. The results show that, in accordance with the drought tolerance 16 rugosa rose materials can be divided into 3 major categories: A category including 10 materials,such as R. rugosa'Beautiful Homeland'etc.; B category including R. rugosa'Tang Red'and R. rugosa'Tang White'; C category including 4 varieties,such as R. rugosa'Purple Goose'etc.. Materials that had the strongest drought tolerance were R. rugosa cv.'Plena', Shandong Muping, R. rugosa'Purple Cloud'etc.5.The fruit yield/plant (y) and 10 quantitative traits of 8 rugosa rose cultivars were investigated. Analysis of genetic correlation was carried out. The results indicated: number of the fruits/ plant, fresh weight of the fruit, long axis of the fruit, short axis of the fruit, weight of the flesh, dry weight of the fruit had significant genetic correlation relationship with fruit yield/plant. And the average branch number, height of the plant, crown of the plant had no significant genetic correlation relationship with fruit yield/plant.6.The heritability of every character was high. It shows that the environment variance of this experimentation was small, and the character was mainly controlled by hereditary factor. The heritability of fruit axis was 0.8597, we could select it directly. The compositor of the decision coefficient and the genetic correlation coefficient was different. So using the correlation coefficient lonely can not be selected the character rightly. It was necessary to calculate by using the decision coefficient and the genetic correlation coefficient.7.It's necessary to improve fruit yield/plant by multi-trait selection. The integration selection index equation of fruit yield/plant was established with the fresh weight of fruit, the east crown of plant, the weight of flesh and dry weight of the fruit. I=+4.8464x2+0.2612x2-3.4546x9-5.1007x10. Comprehensi- ve election index estimation accuracy=0.8871, selective response of the integration breeding value = 245.8811, index heritability = 0.9210. This will provide theoretic base for genetic breeding of rugosa rose.8.Variance analysis showed that the difference among the quantitative characters was significant, and genetic variance showed that genetic differenc- es among the various characters were an objective. The relative mean accuracy of the repeatability analysis was 0.9980. The repeatability of the yield per plant in every cultivar was great (0.9959). It show that yield per plant of the test rose varieties were influenced by the genetic mostly, but affected by environmental less. The greatest possible productivity of different varieties was dissimilar.9.The results show that, in accordance with the principal component analysis, 8 rugosa rose materials can be divided into 4 major categories: A category including R. rugosa'Tang White', R. rugosa'Tang Purple'and R. rugosa'Ziyingbinfen'; B category including R. rugosa'Purple Branch'; C category including R. rugosa'Purple Dragon Lying'and R. rugosa'Purple Goose'; D category including R. rugosa'Tang Red'and R. rugosa'Yipinziyi'.
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