The Selection And Breeding Of Chuanzao3Early-fruit New Varieties Of Walnut

The experiment was done in2010in Mianzhu City, Sichuan Province, Wudu walnut demonstration garden.As12superior individual of precocious walnuts to be test materials, and observed12superior individual of precocious walnuts phenophase,determined the indicators that morphological indicators,the blossoming and fruit setting, the main economic traits (abdominal diameter, slit diameter, fruit, shell thickness, fruit weight, kernel weight, shelling percentage, crude fat, crude protein),yield, tannin content, trace element contents (calcium, magnesium, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, vitamins) and chlorophyll (chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b, chlorophyll a/b) of the12superior individual of precocious walnuts. Use the analysis of variance, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and gray relational analysis methods to make a comprehensive evaluation for12superior individual of precocious walnuts.And bred the new varieties of early-fruit,thin shell walnut——Chuanzao3. This experiment have the scientific guidance to other similar studies.The results were showed by research and analysis that:(1) Chuanzao3’male flowering dates is the latest in the12superior individual of precocious walnuts,it’s17d late than C1which is the male flowering earliest;the12superior individual of precocious walnuts’full-bloom stage are almost the same.whitin6～8d; Chuanzao3’female flowering dates is the latest in the12superior individual of precocious walnuts,it’s7d late than A3which is the male flowering earliest;the12superior individual of precocious walnuts’full-bloom stage are almost the same.whitin7～9d.(2) The12superior individual of precocious walnuts’morphological index have the quite different.Chuanzao3’vigor moderation,and A1is the strongest of all. The tree high:the highest is A1(512cm),thr shortest are B2and D3(330cm);the Basal diameter:the crudest is A1(9.3cm),the thinest is C2(6.6cm);the crown:the widest is A2(28.8cm2),the smallest is C2(10.1cm2);the spring tip:the longest is B3(52cm),the shortest are D1and D2(33cm);the autume tip:the longest is D1(45cm),the shortest is D2(40cm);the Leaf length:the longest is D1(47cm),the shortest are B3and D2(40cm).(3) Chuanzao3is the best of the number of fruitlet of the walnut in the12superior individual of precocious walnuts.The production was more than300g/m2for three consecutive years.And it has a strong ability to resist frost.(4) Principal Component Analysis is the walnuts selection of the most traditional method.lt could be reflect the quality of Walnut economic pros and cons better. By principal component analysis, the12superior individual of precocious walnuts’score sort are:Chuanzao3>C2>C1>A4>B2>A1>A2>A3>B1>B3>D3>D1.(5) The level of tannin content affect the walnut taste,It’s show a certain degree of negative correlation.Chuanzao3’tannin content is the lowest in the12superior individual of precocious walnuts. And it showed a significant difference to other11plants.(6) Chuanzao3’s trace element contents is better than others plants, and showed significant difference.(7) Through the gray relational grade analysis of23indicators(Major economic traits, tannin content, trace element content, vitamin content, production and chlorophyll),experiments show that:Chuanzao3is the best of the12superior individual of precocious walnuts.