The Study Of The Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Schisandra Sphenanthera And The Analysis Of Deoxyschizandrin And SchisandrinB By HPLC

Schisandra sphenanthera is a traditional Chinese herbal medicines.Schisandra as a medicinal on Chinese medicine, which comes from the Schisandra plant Schisandra or Schisandra sphenanthera dry ripe fruit. The major active ingredients is lignans, which have the effect of Convergence Guse, Qi Sheng Jin, Ning kidney heart, liver, and reduce the role of transaminase. In this study,in one hand,from June 2009 to September 2009,using Li-6400,we measured the photosynthesis diurnal variation of Schisandra sphenanthera which were cultivated in the shade conditions in three different kinds of soil matrix—the pine humus, nursery loam and Hunan Normal red soil. The Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined by using the portable chlorophyll fluorometer (PAM-2000, Walz, Germany), and by UV spectrophotometer its chlorophyll content was determined. And then, we studied the Schisandra sphenanthera diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate,environmental factors on net photosynthetic rate and its relationship with the photosynthetic pigment content. Analyzed the difference in net photosynthetic rate of Schisandra sphenanthera in different times and in different soil matrix.Understanded the chlorophyll fluorescence phenomenon and its relationship with photosynthesis. In another hand, using high performance liquid chromatography, we measured and analyzed the contents of Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B in Schisandra sphenanthera root, stem, leaf and fruit,and compared the contents in different matrix. The major findings as follows:1.Schisandra sphenanthera photosynthetic characteristics:(1) In summer sunny, in shade conditions, Schisandra sphenanthera diurnal variation curve is a typical type bimodal lower at noon, the first peak in the morning 10:00-12:00, the second peak in the afternoon 14:00-1600, "midday depression" phenomenon mainly caused by stomatal factors and non-stomatal factors,and non-stomatal factors dominate.(2) In June, July, August and September, Schisandra sphenanthera net photosynthetic rate was first decreased and then increased again slightly downward trend. In June the daily average net photosynthetic rate was the highest, in July as the role of light inhibition photosynthetic capacity,was declined,and in August there is a slight rebound, but continued to decline in September.(3) Under the shade conditions, photosynthetic active radiation, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance are the most important factor affecting photosynthesis of Schisandra sphenanthera. Different months, three factors influence the net photosynthetic rate slightly different. Stomatal factors which in June is the dominant factor affecting photosynthesis. In July, August and September of photosynthetic active radiation and transpiration rate effects dominate.(4) The chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis of Schisandra sphenanthera have a very close relationship. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters has a unique role in response to the optical system of the leaf photosynthesis in light absorption, transmission, dissipation, distribution, and compared with the gas exchange indicator which have "apparent" features, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflect "immanence" features.(5)Under the shade conditions, the correlation of the chlorophyll content and net photosynthesis was not obvious in different matrix. And in different month the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate have no obvious correlation,too.(6) The diurnal variation of Schisandra sphenanthera photosynthesis show some differences in different matrix. Among them, Schisandra sphenanthera growing in pine humus which have high contents of the organic matter and nitrogen, the daily average net photosynthetic rate is relatively high.2. The content of Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B in Schisandra sphenanthera:(1) Both Schisandra sphenanthera roots, stems, leaves and fruit contain Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B, The roots have the highest content of both Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B,the content were 1.464% and 1.644%, and followed by fruit, stem and leaf. Different maturity of stems, leaves, the content of Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B were also some differences. Among them, the shoots have higher content than annual stem vine; Deoxyschizandrin in mature leaves is slightly higher than the content of young leaves, and in young leaves contain almost no Schisandrin or the Schisandrin contain only small amounts.(2) Different soil matrix, the content of Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B in different parts of Schisandra sphenanthera are some differences.and the effect varied. Among them, in the roots and leaves, the Schisandra sphenanthera growing in nursery loam have a little higher conents of both Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B than that growing in the other matirx. And in the stem, cultivation in the pine humus Deoxyschizandrin and Schisandrin B contents relatively high.