The Research On Hybridization Of Agaricus Bisporus Monospore And The Research On Esterase Isozyme Of Hybrid Strains

In order to develop the Ayaricus bisporus producing, selecting good strain is the key factor. The technique of single spore isolation and crossbreeding are the most improtant and valuable method, and we can promot the yield of mushroom by this way.Taking two introduced varities of Agaricus bisporus Ta and Tb, which are introduced from Canada, and two main domestic varieties As2796 as research projects, by way of mensurating the agronomic characteristics of Agaricus bisporus to appraise the production performance of the strains which introduced overseas and that of main domestic varieties. At the same time, takeing Ayaricus bisporus Tb, and Ayaricus bisporus As2796 as reseach objects, by way of monospore isolation and breeding, reseach on the factor which influence on monospore sprout, besides improved the method of monospore isolation, adopted a kind of more simple, effective and selective measure, also study on growing characteristics and spontaneous auxotroph of their monospore strains. Then use auxotrophic monospore strains crossbreeding each other and take advantage of auxotrophic complementary as selective mark of hybrids. Finally hybrids proved by esterase isozyme electrophoresis. The result indicate that:(1) Comparing the agronomic characteristics of introduced varieties with that of main domestic varieties, we could see that strains Tb, which were introduced from Canada, showed its with high production, tender meat, good shape, very delicious. But As2796 have good adaptability and resistibility than Tb.(2) Application of tween-80 and penicillin, effectual improve efficiency of Single spore isolation, besides greatly reduce pollution of Bacteria. Pollution rate only 5.30% in experiment. Ayaricus bisporus monospore germinate very difficult. Momospore ger-minate depend not only on their own internal factors, but also with the outside cultiva-teng conditions. Living mycelia of same strain and high-dense spores can effectual st-imulate monospore to germinate. Qulity of Ayaricus bisporus spores greatly influence on monospore to germinate, but stimulus without greatly influence.(5) The spontaneous auxotrophic mutant have been finded in monospore strains. Author find 48 auxotrophic strains from 429 Tb monospore strains, which mutation rate is 11.3%, and find 13 auxotrophic strains from 127 As2796 monospore strains, which mutation rate is 10.2%, and mutation average rate is 10.8%.Auxotrophic strain-s crossbreeding rate is very low only 13%. Met- and Ade- account for very large prop-ortion, Met- account for 34.4% in auxotrophic strains, Ade- account for 21.3% in aux-otrophic strains, His- account for 8.2% in auxotrophic strains, other auxotrophic fator-'s stains rarely find. Then,13 hybrid strains have been proved auxotrophic compleme-ntary hybrid strains in cross-breeding experiment. Finally, author reserve 9 growth better strains:AT035011, AT045121,AT061243,AT110355,AT035341,AT078121, AT 022352, AT116345,AT056129.(6) The esterase isozyme electrophoresis patterns showed not only most of the genetic material of the parents are descended, but also there were some genetic differences between the hybrid strains and the parent strains. Author find new esterase isozyme electrophoresis band(Rf=0.40) in hybrid strains. Also the results show hybrid strains:AT061243, AT035011, AT116345, AT035341 may integrated the merits of their parents.