Study On Ecological Adaptability And High-yielding Cultural Techniques Of Maize Cultivar Xiangnongyu No.13

Xiangnongyu No.13 was a new hybrid maize combination which was bred by Agronomy College of Hunan Agricultural University. This new varieties showed high yield, short growth stage, better resistance,etc. It is examining in the Maize Variety Regional Tests of Hunan province in 2010. In order to provide evidence for making out feasible cultural technique system for spreading after past the cultivar registration, in this paper the ecological adaptability of Xiangnongyu No.13 was analyzed, and effects of planting density and plastic film cultivation on the characters of Xiangnongyu No.13 were discussed at the same time. The main results are as follows:1. The identification of ecological adaptability showed that Xiangnongyu No.13 had better high yield, and the average kernel yield of Xiangnongyu No.13 in eight pilots was 7575kg/hm2 with a 2.64%increase compared with Linao No.1, the yield of Xiangnongyu No.13 increased significantly. The daily kernel yield of Xiangnongyu No.13 was 4.81kg with a 6.89%increase compare to control group, the yield increased significantly. The average whole growth period of Xiangnongyu No.13 was 119.4 days. The plant height and ear height were 2.72m and 1.05m respectively. The 100-kernel weight was 33.2g, the length of empty cornstalk was 0%. The Xiangnongyu No.13 had good lodging resistance, better resistance to corn borer and sheath blight. The identification of ecological adaptability showed that Xiangnongyu No.13 adapt to plant in whole Hunan province.2. The experimental of planting density showed that kernel yield increasing with the planting density increasing from 37500 plant/hm2.to 60000 plant/hm2. When the planting density is 60000 plant/hm2, the yield reached to the highest (6460.5kg/hm2).3. The ear became shorter with the planting density increasing, as the number of kernel per row was significantly decreased,.When the planting density was 37500 plant/ hm2, the ear length was longest, which was 17.7cm, and the number of kernel per row was most, which was 38.9. Effect of planting density on row number per ear and growth period of Xiangnongyu No.13 was not significant.4. With the promoting of the growing process of Xiangnongyu No.13, the LAI increased gradually, the SPAD value firstly increased and reached its maximum in the silking period, then decreased. As for the same growth stage, with the density increasing, the LAI increased significantly while the SPAD value had not significant difference.5. The plastic film cultivation could let Xiangnongyu No.13 growing period advancing significantly compared with the open cultivation. The period of emergence, heading stage and silking stage and ripening stage were brought forward by 9 days,13 days,7 days respectively. The results showed that the kernel yield of Xiangnongyu No.13 with plastic film mulches significantly greater than that of cultivation in open field. The yield increased by 702kg/hm, the yield increase rate being 9.3%.6. The plastic film cultivation could improve the agronomic characters and ear characters of Xiangnongyu No.13. compared with the cultivation in open field, the plant height reduced 30cm, the reduction rate was 11.5%, the ear height reduced 13cm, the reduction rate was 9.4%, the stem diameter increased by 0.2cm, the stem diameter increase rate being 7.4%, the ear length increased by 1.3cm, the increase rate being 7.6%.