The Major Technology Of Strains Selection And Cultivation For Lentinus Edodes Cultivated With Incompletely Fermented Substrates

As the special cultivation model in northern China, incomplete fermentation cultivation technology has been applied in Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom) cultivation for a long history. The production area and distribution is developing continually. In this study, we compared 17 different strains of Lentinus edodes from different areas by biological characteristics and molecular biology methods, and got right strains with higher yield, better body shape, and higher resistance to contamination. This study solved the disorder nomination and poor quality in Lentinus edodes species, and played a positive role in enhancing the quality of production. Combining with the study of major technology in cultivation, this study is helpful in reducing pollution, improving the yield and quality of Lentinus edodes, and providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for Lentinus edodes cultivation, and in the end, can enhance the farmers' income and the agricultural efficiency. The main results are as follows:(1) Strains selection for incomplete fermentation cultivation from the 17 strains. Genetic relationships and synonyms were confirmed by antagonistic between strains. The results showed that the mycelia grow fast in 16℃. Isonzyme test showed that all the strains had the same genetic basis, and difference existed among the enzyme activity. Trichoderma species (Green mold) resistance test was designed to find the strong resistance strains. Cultivation was to compare the comprehensively traits. According to the results above,1363 strains was chosen with higher mycelia growth speed, higher mycelia quality, stronger resistant to contamination, short time in color change, body fruit brown, suitable size.(2) Cultivation technology of high yield in incomplete fermented cultivation. The best cultivation time is from March 15 to April 5, the best formula is sawdust 80%, bran 15%, corn (crushed) 13%, bean straw powder 1%, gypsuml%. The optimum culture condition for the growth of mycelium is temperature 10～15℃, air humidity 60～70%, holes for ventilation 40～60 per bag; for turning colors, temperature 22～26℃, air humidity 80～90%; for fruit body forming, temperature is 10℃, air humidity 75～80%. It is important to integration prevention and cure during incomplete fermentation process. With the development of Lentinus edodes industry, the species and numbers of disease and pests increase continuously, including bacteria, epiphyte and virus etc. can cause great economic loss. The guidance in strategic management is "putting prevention first and conducting overall management". From the budding formation to harvest, chemicals are forbidden. This is necessary for good quality and high yield in Lentinus edodes industry.