Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Germ Plasm Resource And Medicinal Materials Quality Research

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is an important sand-binder plant in our country at the west area, and it is also an important medicinal plant. During the past few years, with the wild resource exhausting, the domestication and cultication of the wild plants had becoming the reasearch hot spot. As the widely existed genetic diversity, there are huge variation between the wild germplasm resources. To evalutuate the quality of the germplasm resources and screen the single plant with good agronomic and quality traits has the important meaning for the cultivation practical for licorice.This study collected the wild populations from the main product area Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Gansu province and growed 3 years, recorded the agronomic traits and active component, analyzed the traits difference between the populations, The research results were as follows:There were difference to some extent on the agronomic trait and quality between inter- and intra- germplasm resource population of Glycyrrhiza uralensis F. About the agronomic trait, such as the number of the buds, stem diameter, root weight, there was significant difference, and there was the very significant difference of their root diameters.In the same population, there was obvious difference between the individual plants. For example the range of stem diameter was 0.24-0.54 cm, the root weight was 32-194 g, the root diameters was 0.94-2.53 cm. In quality, there was significant and very significant variation for the glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin content separately between different populations of licorice. The range of glycyrrhizic acid content was 0.8%-4.48% in Inner Mongolia. The liquiritin content was 0.64%-2.58% in Gansu provenance.The corelationship was analyzed for the agronomic trait and quality triats. The plant height, stem diameter, root weight and root diameters were very significant positive corelated to each other. The number of root branches had very significant positive relation with above four agronomic traits and significant positive relation with glycyrrhizic acid . Liquiritin content had no corelation with the agronomic traits except that it had very significant positive relation with the pore. Glycyrrhizic acid content were significantly positive related to liquiritin content.The predictive equation about biomass(Y1), root diameter(Y2), and Glycyrrhizic acid content (Y3) were set as:Y1=-77.688+0.927X2+108.555X3+29.587X5Y2=1.226+0.008X4Y3=-1.539+0.808X6+1.356X8With the growth years increasing, glycyrrhiza's commodity grade gradually enhanced, the best glycyrrhiza account for 54.1%, the second-class was 44.7%, the third-class was lower then that two years, only 1.2%. Gansu provenance was better then other side, the other side of glycyrrhiza reached the standards better then that two years.Based on the agronomic traits and active component content, elite plants were screened as: Ab6(4.4758433 1.4273621), Ae18(4.9736903 1.9995656), Ai21(3.3106861 2.1339345), Gs92(3.3742653 2.5805308), Xi93(3.3741658 1.4066113).The result indicated that the genotype diversity of the wild Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is the key reason that the medicinal parts and the effective component content of the cultivated licurice are different. But the plentiful variance types of the germplasm resources could provide valuable materials for the further breeding of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.