Evaluation And Analysis On The Germplasm Resources Of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is one of the most important medicinal plants and it also possesses significant value in ecological protection in north China. In the last several years, the application area of licorice root is expanding all the time, the demand of licorice root is being increased greatly, even far exceeds its amount of production, domestication and cultivation gradually plays an prevailed role in the research of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.Different wild populations of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch were collected from three main product areas Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Neimenggu Uyghur Autonomous Region, Gansu province. By investigate the effective component content and the agronomic traits, the difference between the populations and single plants were anaylsed and the discrepancy and linear correlation were conducted. The main results were as follows:1 Agronomic characters were significantly different between different populations and among single plants in one population: The plant height, the eustipe number, and diameter, weight, length and branches of roots were extremely significantly different between different populations. In the same population, there was apparent differentiation among single plants, for example, the plant height changed from 7.5cm to 38.3cm, the eustipe number 5-24, diameter of root 0.44-1.92cm and weight of root 2.9-57.2g.2 Quality character was significantly different between different populations and among single plants in one population: The result showed that glycyrrhizin acid content was significantly different of different populations and the Xinjiang2 population had the relative better quality with the content from 0.52%-2.86%. In the same population, three kinds of effective component contents have big differentiation. The glycyrrhizin content changed from 0.52% to 2.86%, liquirtin content 0.24%-2.43% and total flavonoids content 1.26%-8.24%.3 The main characters of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch were significantly different according to the growth year. Compared with the plants of one year, the plant height increased 1.9 times, the diameter of stem 1.7 times, the root weight 2.4 times, the diameter 1.4 times. The commodity grade also increased, the second-class radix increased 1.3 times, the first-class 1.5 times. The contents of glycyrrnizin, liquirtin and total flavonoids were 1.16%, 0.80%, 4.06%, increased 2.4, 4.2, 1.2 times separately4 There were certain correlation relations between the investigated agronomic characters: The correlation analysis showed that the there was significant and extremely significant positive relation between the following two agronomic characters, the sprout and the root weight, the diameter of root andweight, length and branches of roots, the plant height and diameter of plant, and so on. Also, there were significant or extremely significant negative correlation relations between erect stem and the eustipe number, erect stem and the plant height, and so on.5 There were certain correlation relations between the investigated quality traits: Between glycyrrhizin and liquirtin there have significant positive correlation relation, and each glycyrrhizin, liquirtin and total flavonoids have not significant correlation relation. 6 Established forecast equation of different effective component contents: Y1=0.052+0.105X13, R~2=0.418* Y2=0.052+0.019X6, R~2=0.277* Y3=0.42+1.582X9+0.017X2, R~2=0.803**In these equations, Y1,Y2,Y3 respectively stand for the content of glycyrrhizin , liquirtin and total flavonoids. X2,X6,X9,X13 stand for the height of plant, length and color of root and the down of stem.7 Two good single plants with higher content of glycyrrhizin and liquirtin were indentified: The glycyrrhizin contents of the selected good strains of plant are 1.92% and 2.23% separately; the liquirtin contents are 1.07% and 2.42%; the total flavonoids contents are 2.72% and 5.56%; The plant height, root diameter and root fresh weight are 67cm,2.842cm,58.26g; 85.6cm, 2.638cm, 130.64g.The result indicated that the genotype diversity of the wild Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is the key reason that the medicinal parts and the effective component content of the cultivated licurice are different. But the plentiful variance types of the germplasm resources could provide valuable materials for the further breeding of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.