| Allium victorialis L., a kind of nutritious edible wild herbs, the excavation of its wild resources in recent years has caused severely damage to a sharp decline in population size. The seed bioecology characteristics, reasons of seed dormancy and methods of promoting seed germination of A. victorialis L..etc were studied in this paper. This study provides the theoretical basis and technical support for system research, exploring dormancy mechanism, propagation characteristics, and realizing its artificial cultivation of A. victorialis L. The main research conclusions are as follows:The study of seed bioecology characteristics of A. victorialis L. showed:1000-grain weight of the A. victorialis L. is (10.26±0.012) g, the average weight of its seeds is much heavier than any other alliums'seeds; The viability of seed percentages is 80.8±2.3324% tested by TTC(1.0%); The water content is 13.77%; The seed germination process of A. victorialis L. was slow in different temperatures, the germinations percentage was (84.00±6.00)% in 20℃, and it had significant difference compared with other temperatures, periodicity of germination of its seeds is 40-140d, it can not seed germinates into seedling immediately; There was no significant influence on the percentage of germination and germination energy of A. victorialis L. seeds in light(3000Lux·10h/d) and darkness; Planted in the field, the emergence rate of A. victorialis L. seeds was only 33.89% in the next year. The results suggested that A. victorialis L. had the characteristics that it was seed germination rate slowly, germination irregularly and epicotyl dormancy. And there was significant difference between different seed individual, and they were in different degrees of dormant.The study on reasons of seed dormancy of A. victorialis L. showed:A. victorialis L. seed didn't exist embryo ripening and seed caot obstacle etc. compulsory reasons in dormancy. A. victorialis L. seed contained activity of water-soluble endogenous germination inhibitors substances. This substances can reduce germination percentage, postponed its seed germination time, and inhibit the seedlings growth of Allium fistulosum. Therefore one of the reasons of A. victorialis L. dormancy is that activity water-soluble endogenous germination inhibitors substances in its seed. This proved that A. victorialis L. seed belonged to physiological dormancy. The study on the germination key enzynes activity of A. victorialis L. showed:In the germination process of A.victorialis L. seed, the a-amylase activity and the (α+β)-amylase activity were increased at first and decreased subsequently, but the protease activity was gradually increased. The characteristics of the activity of 3 enzymes were increased slowly, and thus the activity of key enzymes limited the germination of A.victorialis L. seed. This proved that A. victorialis L. seed belong to physiological dormancy.The study on promoting seed germination of A. victorialis L. showed:The effect of seed soaking by warm water on improving germination percentage of A. victorialis L. was significantly. The germination percentage was 71.33% at the 90th day, and it was 18.00% higher than control. Two better strategy of seed soaking by hormone were 0.50 g·mL-1 GA3,24h,25℃and NAA1.00 g·mL-1,12 h,4℃, and they had the better effect on promote seed germination both were at 4℃. The germination percentage increased with the increasing lamination time, when lamination 120 days at 4℃and 14℃, the germination rate improved 42.66% and 49.33%. Two schemes can make the seed germination time shorten by 50 days. The most significant effect in promoting the germination of A. victorialis L. seed was the changing temperature treatment. When the treatment time were 40 days the percentage of seed germination can reach 73.33% and 86.77% on the 60th and the 90th days in the germination period. And it was 57.33%,30.00% higher than control. This scheme can make the seed germination time shorten 70 days. The seeds which root length were in the range of 3-6cm began into seedling establishment at the 41th day when cultivated them at 4℃, the time of seedling establishment was shorten 42d, and seedling establishment percentage was 83.33% at the 90th cultivate day, 58.33% higher than control, that 4℃have good effect on promoting breaking epicotyl dormancy. |
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