Study On The Heredity Of Kernel Starch Content And Main Agronomic Characters In Maize In Different Environments

10 inbred lines which have different starch contents were selected as parents, to produce 90 F₁ crosses by means of diallel crosses. The F₁ were planted in Nanyang, Zhengzhou, Xunxian in Henan province. The starch contents of crosses were measured by NIRS. By combining variance analysis method, we analyzed the effects of the genotype(G), environment (E), and G×E for F₂ kernel starch content and F1 plant main agronomic characters; We calculated the genetic effects of starch and agronomic characters through analysis of combining ability variance. The results are as below:1) The difference of starch content among 3 places are very significant. The starch content of F2 crosses in Zhengzhou is the highest, while the starch content in Xunxian is the lowest. The lower is 0.97% less than the higher. The difference among genotypes are significant. The high-starch-content crosses are 2×4, 2×8, 4×9, 8×9, 8×10, 4×2, 8×2, 8×4, 8×7, whose starch content are up to 72.5%. The crosses, such as 1×5, 1×6, 2×3, 3×5, 5×6, 6×9, 6×1, 5×3, 6×5,are low-starch content ones, whose starch content are below 69%. The result indicate that starch content among different genotypes are significantly different. The interaction between genotype and environment is not notable.2) The mainly heredity of starch content is additive effect, which is greatly affected by environment. The H²_B is 39.80%, while the H²_N are 31.86%. The content of starch will be affected by ecological, soil fertility, and other factors.3) The heterosis of maize kernel's starch content is positive. The starch content of F₁ is notably related to MP and female parent's starch content, while the starch content of F₂ is notably related to MP.4) The differences of starch content among different places and genotypes are significant, the interaction of location by genotype are notable.5) The ear characters of different location and genotype are significantly diverse. The genetical interaction of location and genotype is significant except that of ear length, ear width and shelling percentage. The result of our experiment indicate that ear characters are dominated by both genotype and genetical interaction of genotype by environment. The GCA variance and SCA variance are both significant.